Table-II.
Comparison of groups received Ramadan specific diabetes education (A+B+C) with non-education group (D) on cardinal aspect of diabetes and fasting.
| Received education (Group A+B+C) | Did not receive education (Group D) | P-value | Overall | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 102 | 76 | - | 178 |
| Drugs | ||||
| Changed Drug dosage and timings before Ramadan? | ||||
| Yes | 81 (79.4%) | 23 (30.3%) | <0.0001 | 104 (58.4%) |
| No | 21 (20.6%) | 53 (69.7%) | 74 (41.6%) | |
| Who change drug dosage and timings? | ||||
| Physician | 70 (86.4%) | 21 (91.3%) | 0.7820 | 91 (87.5%) |
| Diabetes educator | 4 (4.9%) | 1 (4.3%) | 5 (4.8%) | |
| Others | 7 (8.6%) | 1 (4.3%) | 8 (7.7%) | |
| Exercise | ||||
| Did exercise during Ramadan? | ||||
| Yes | 18 (17.6%) | 19 (25%) | 0.1560 | 37 (20.8%) |
| No | 84 (82.4%) | 57 (75%) | 141 (79.2%) | |
| Type of exercise during Ramadan | ||||
| Light (walking, gardening) | 12 (66.7%) | 18 (94.7%) | 0.1380 | 30 (81.1%) |
| Sedentary (house bound) | 2 (11.1%) | 1 (5.3%) | 3 (8.1%) | |
| Moderate(brisk walking, swimming) | 3 (16.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (8.1%) | |
| Heavy(running, energetic sports) | 1 (5.6%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.7%) | |
| Performed SMBG during Ramadan? | ||||
| Yes | 96 (94.1%) | 50 (65.8%) | <0.0001 | 146 (82.0%) |
| No | 6 (5.9%) | 26 (34.2%) | 32 (18.0%) | |
| Appreciated Symptoms of hypoglycemia? | ||||
| Yes | 35 (34.3%) | 13 (17.1%) | 0.0080 | 48 (27.0%) |
| No | 67 (65.7%) | 63 (82.9%) | 130 (73.0%) | |
| Frequency of symptoms of hypoglycemia | ||||
| Once/month | 13 (37.1%) | 3 (23.1%) | 0.6940 | 16 (33.3%) |
| Twice/month | 9 (25.7%) | 3 (23.1%) | 12 (25.0%) | |
| Thrice/month | 8 (22.9%) | 5 (38.5%) | 13 (27.1%) | |
| Others | 5 (14.3%) | 2 (15.4%) | 7 (14.6%) | |
| Checked blood glucose level if developed symptoms of hypoglycemia? | ||||
| Yes | 16 (45.7%) | 3 (23.1%) | 0.0670 | 19 (39.6%) |
| No | 14 (40.0%) | 7 (53.8%) | 21 (43.8%) | |
| Not responded | 5 (14.3%) | 3 (23.1%) | 8 (16.7%) | |
| If developed symptoms of hypoglycemia | ||||
| Continued fast | 27 (77.1%) | 11 (84.6%) | 0.0800 | 38 (79.2%) |
| Broke the fast | 7 (20.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (14.6%) | |
| Visited doctor | 1 (2.9%) | 2 (15.4%) | 3 (6.3%) | |
| Needed hospitalization | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Appreciated Symptoms of hyperglycemia? | ||||
| Yes | 27 (26.5%) | 23 (30.3%) | 0.3480 | 50 (28.1%) |
| No | 75 (73.5%) | 53 (69.7%) | 128 (71.9%) | |
| Frequency of symptoms of hyperglycemia | ||||
| Once/month | 8 (29.6%) | 5 (21.7%) | 0.2150 | 13 (26%) |
| Twice/month | 6 (22.2%) | 4 (17.4%) | 10 (20%) | |
| Thrice/month | 2 (7.4%) | 7 (30.4%) | 9 (18%) | |
| Others | 11 (40.7%) | 7 (30.4%) | 18 (36%) | |
| Checked blood glucose level if developed symptoms of hyperglycemia? | ||||
| Yes | 16 (59.3%) | 12 (52.2%) | 0.3920 | 28 (56.0%) |
| No | 6 (22.2%) | 7 (30.4%) | 13 (26.0%) | |
| Not responded | 5 (18.5%) | 4 (17.4%) | 9 (18.0%) | |
| If developed symptoms of hyperglycemia | ||||
| Continued fast | 18 (66.7%) | 12 (52.2%) | 0.0920 | 30 (60.0%) |
| Broke the fast | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (4.3%) | 1 (2.0%) | |
| Visited doctor | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (13.0%) | 3 (6.0%) | |
| Needed hospitalization | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Not responded | 9 (33.3%) | 7 (30.4%) | 16 (32.0%) | |
Note: Data presented as Mean ± SD; n (%)