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. 2017 Jun 29;61(1):1339553. doi: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1339553

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© 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 5. — Effects of single-layer nanoemulsion (SN) and alginate double-layer nanoemulsion (AN) on the mRNA expression of adipogenic genes including (a) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and (b) adipocyte protein-2 (aP2) in adipocytes. Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with 0 (untreated control), 1, 10, 100, or 1000 ng/mL of SN or AN for 24 h. The mRNA level was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The values were calculated as fold-change over the control. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE of at least three independent experiments, each performed in triplicate (n = 3). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests: *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared with untreated control group. Student’s t test: #p < 0.05 compared with SN group.