Table 2.

Echocardiographic findings of lupus myocarditis group at diagnosis (initial) compared to those of a healthy control group.

	Initial echocardiogram in lupus myocarditis group	Initial echocardiogram in healthy control group
Total n = 28	Median (IQR)/ratio (%) of test done	Median (IQR)/ratio (%) of test done	P value
Structural parameter
LAa diameter (cm)	3.2 (2.8–3.9)	3.0 (2.8–3.3)	0.105
LVIDb (cm)	5.2 (4.4–5.6)	4.6 (4.3–4.8)	0.046
RVIDc (cm)	3.2 (2.7–3.7)	3.0 (2.9–3.2)	0.176
Valvular dysfunction (mild/moderate)	13/27 (48.2) MR	0/28 MR	<0.001
	7/27 (25.9) TR	0/28 TR	0.007
Pericardial effusion	Small 7/27 (25.9)	All: 0/28	0.005
	Moderate: 2/27 (7.4)
	Large: 1/27 (3.7)
Regional function parameter
RWMA present	24/24	0/28
Wall motion scored	2.0 (1.8–2.6)	1 (1–1)	<0.001
Global function parameter
MA E′avee (cm/s)	8.0 (6.0–11.0)	12.0 (11.0–14.5)	<0.001
MA E/E′f	11.6 (10.3–16.2)	7.3 (5.3–8.0)	<0.001
LVEFg: numerical (%)	35 (26–46)	63.5 (58.0–68.0)	<0.001
LVEF: categorical
≥55%	2/27 (7.4)	28/28
45–54%	5/27 (18.5)
36–44%	3/27 (11.1)
≤35%	17/27 (63.0)
TAPSEh (cm)	1.7 (1.6–2.1)	2.0 (1.8–2.3)	0.006
GLSi (%)	−10.9 (−13.7 to −7.8)	−22.1 (−23.5 to −20.8)	<0.001