Table 2.

High risk characteristics for carotid endarterectomy. MI indicates myocardial infarction; CHF, congestive heart failure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; ICA, internal carotid artery; CCA, common carotid artery.

Characteristic	Percentage of Total Subjects(n=10,186)
Physiologic High Risk Characteristic
CHF (Class III or IV) or LVEF ≤ 30%	11.0%
Heart surgery in 6 weeks	0.9%
MI within 4 weeks	1.7%
Unstable angina	4.2%
Severe pulmonary disease	12.2%
Abnormal stress test	10.6%
Age>75 years	39.8%
Severe simultaneous cardiac disease requiring surgery and carotid disease	3.8%
Anatomic High Risk Characteristic
Contralateral occlusion	13.0%
Contralateral laryngeal palsy	0.5%
Post neck radiation	7.1%
Tandem lesions	2.5%
High ICA or CCA lesions below clavicle	10.4%
Previous CEA recurrent stenosis	23.1%