Table I.

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of diabetic and control subjects

Parameter	Cases (n = 50)	Controls (n = 50)	P-value
Age [years]	12.3 ±1.3	12.0 ±1.4	0.2
Gender (M/F)	24/26	28/22	0.6
Diabetic duration [years]	4 ±1	–	–
Family history of T1DM	1 (2%)	0	0.9
Family history of T2DM	7 (14%)	6 (12%)	0.9
Combined Tanner stages:
Prepubertal stage	17 (34%)	20 (40%)	0.6
Started puberty	33 (66%)	30 (60%)	0.7
BMI [kg/m2]	17.8 ±4	18.6 ±3.6	0.2
Total cholesterol [mg/dl]	139.6 ±30	133.3 ±23.9	0.2
Hemoglobin [g/dl]	13.7 ±1.2	13.1 ±1.1	0.1
HbA1c (%)	8.8 ±1.9	4.9 ±0.4	< 0.0001