Table 3.
Summary of three hierarchical linear regression analyses examining mental health indicators.
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | SE | B | SE | B | SE | |
| Predictors | Loneliness (N = 112) | |||||
|
| ||||||
| Step 1. Demographics & Functioning | ||||||
| Age | .03 | .07 | .05 | .07 | −.03 | .06 |
| Sex | .24 | 1.10 | .07 | 1.09 | .48 | .95 |
| Residence | −1.48 | 1.27 | −1.24 | 1.27 | −.68 | 1.10 |
| Ethnicity | .21 | 1.32 | .79 | 1.35 | .48 | 1.16 |
| Ease despite health | −.51 | .67 | −.52 | .66 | .35 | .59 |
| ADL ability | .03 | .16 | −.02 | .16 | −.05 | .14 |
| Step 2. Cognition | ||||||
| Severe Impairment Battery | −.11 | .08 | −.03 | .07 | ||
| Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale | .31t | .17 | .26 t | .14 | ||
| Step 3. Social Functioning & Personality | ||||||
| Social provisions | −.33* | .13 | ||||
| Social resources | −.89** | .34 | ||||
| Extraversion | −.10 | .10 | ||||
| Neuroticism | .43*** | .09 | ||||
| Intercept | 12.08 | 8.82 | 16.60 | 11.21 | 39.98 | 11.43 |
| FΔ | .64 | 2.13 | 10.82*** | |||
| R2 (ΔR2) | .04(.04) | .07(.03) | .36(.29) | |||
|
| ||||||
| Predictors | Negative Affect (N = 122) | |||||
|
| ||||||
| Step 1. Demographics & Functioning | ||||||
| Age | .02 | .03 | .01 | .04 | −.00 | .03 |
| Sex | −.20 | .55 | −.17 | .55 | −.21 | .45 |
| Residence | −.36 | .58 | −.36 | .58 | .08 | .47 |
| Ethnicity | .34 | .63 | .01 | .65 | −.27 | .53 |
| Ease despite health | −.38 | .32 | −.40 | .32 | −.10 | .27 |
| ADL ability | .04 | .07 | .08 | .07 | .08 | .06 |
| Step 2. Cognition | ||||||
| Severe Impairment Battery | .01 | .04 | .03 | .03 | ||
| Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale | −.16 t | .08 | −.14* | .07 | ||
| Step 3. Social Functioning & Personality | ||||||
| Social provisions | −.12 t | .06 | ||||
| Social resources | −.19 | .15 | ||||
| Extraversion | .07 | .05 | ||||
| Neuroticism | .31*** | .04 | ||||
| Intercept | 4.38 | 4.21 | 6.95 | 5.36 | 12.91 | 5.20 |
| FΔ | .44 | 2.06 | 16.18*** | |||
| R2 (ΔR2) | .02(.02) | .06(.04) | .41(.35) | |||
|
| ||||||
| Predictors | Positive Affect (N = 117) | |||||
|
| ||||||
| Step 1. Demographics & Functioning | ||||||
| Age | −.04 | .05 | −.03 | .05 | .05 | .05 |
| Sex | −.56 | .72 | −.45 | .70 | −.66 | .64 |
| Residence | 1.14 | .77 | 1.03 | .75 | .79 | .68 |
| Ethnicity | .38 | .89 | .49 | .89 | .30 | .82 |
| Ease despite health | .52 | .42 | .57 | .41 | .19 | .39 |
| ADL ability | −.03 | .09 | −.09 | .09 | −.03 | .08 |
| Step 2. Cognition | ||||||
| Severe Impairment Battery | .11* | .05 | .07 t | .05 | ||
| Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale | .08 | .10 | .08 | .09 | ||
| Step 3. Social Functioning & Personality | ||||||
| Social provisions | .24** | .09 | ||||
| Social resources | .26 | .22 | ||||
| Extraversion | .23*** | .07 | ||||
| Neuroticism | −.01 | .06 | ||||
| Intercept | 14.53 | 5.80 | 2.67 | 7.04 | −12.54 | 7.74 |
| FΔ | 1.69 | 4.09* | 7.11*** | |||
| R2 (ΔR2) | .09(.09) | .15(.06) | .33(.18) | |||
Note: ADL = Activities of daily living. Sex: 0 = Male, 1 = Female; Residence: 0 = Nursing or personal care home, 1 = Private home; Ethnicity: 0 = White, 1 = African American. Higher scores on the Severe Impairment Battery and Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale indicate superior cognitive functioning.
t
= p < .10.
*
= p < .05.
**
= p ≤ .01.
***
= p < .001.