FIG. 5.
Effects of ESI-05 or GGTI-298 on INalate. (A) Representative recordings of INa recorded from ARVMs using whole-cell patch-clamp under control conditions and in the presence of ESI-05 (left and middle) or GGTI-298 (right), showing that both drugs increase INalate. The effects of ESI-05 or GGTI-298 on INalate were markedly reduced by preincubation of ARVMs with either the INalate inhibitor ranolazine (20 μM) or mitoTEMPO (30 μM). (B) Cumulative data showing the effects of ESI-05 on INalate and the effects of preincubation with ranolazine or mitoTEMPO (n = 5–7). (C) Cumulative data showing the effects of GGTI-298 on INalate and the effects of preincubation with ranolazine or mitoTEMPO. n = 5–12, * p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, n.s., not significant. To see this illustration in color, the reader is referred to the web version of this article at www.liebertpub.com/ars