TABLE 4.

Results of Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis

	Log Odds	95% CI	P
Patients with diabetes and CBP but with no history of spinal surgery
Type 2 diabetes	0.251	0.091–0.411	0.002
Female sex	0.332	0.265–0.399	<0.001
Neuropathy	0.282	0.194–0.369	<0.001
Retinopathy	–0.016	–0.110 to 0.078	0.737
Hypertension	0.359	0.264–0.454	<0.001
Insulin use	–0.2	–0.274 to –0.127	<0.001
Metformin use	0.116	0.046–0.187	0.001
Age at diabetes diagnosis	0.01	0.007–0.013	<0.001
Diabetes duration	0.0002	0.0001–0.0002	<0.001
BMI	0.018	0.015–0.022	<0.001
A1C	0.055	0.037–0.073	<0.001
LDL cholesterol	0.004	0.003–0.004	<0.001
HDL cholesterol	–0.007	–0.01	<0.001
Triglycerides	0.0001	0.00005–0.0002	0.002
Patients with diabetes and CBP and a history of spinal surgery
Type 2 diabetes	0.24	–0.212 to 0.693	0.289
Female sex	–0.018	–0.206 to 0.170	0.848
Neuropathy	0.995	0.787–1.204	<0.001
Retinopathy	–0.471	–0.716 to –0.225	<0.001
Hypertension	0.852	0.514–1.189	<0.001
Insulin use	0.057	–0.146 to 0.260	0.582
Metformin use	0.378	0.175–0.580	<0.001
Age at diabetes diagnosis	0.007	–0.0004 to 0.015	0.063
Duration of diabetes	0.0004	0.0003–0.0005	<0.001
BMI	0.01	0.001–0.020	0.036
A1C	–0.028	–0.810 to 0.024	0.292
LDL cholesterol	0.004	0.003–0.005	<0.001
HDL cholesterol	–0.013	–0.022 to –0.004	0.004
Triglycerides	0.0003	0.0001–0.0004	0.001

Boldface P values indicate statistical significance.