TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the Study Population (n = 230)
| Mean ± SD | Range | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 13.53 ± 2.88 | 6.17–21.42 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.44 ± 7.75 | 20.47–60.3 |
| BMI z score | 2.30 ± 0.40 | 1.10–3.39 |
| A1C (%) | 5.70 ± 0.51 | 4.1–8.0 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | ||
| Fasting | 91.97 ± 13.56 | 70.0–194.0 |
| 1-h | 124.65 ± 32.71 | 59.0–262.0 |
| 2-h | 113.36 ± 30.81 | 46.0–299.0 |
| Insulin (mU/L) | ||
| Fasting | 28.15 ± 20.15 | 1.2–132.70 |
| 1-h | 160.97 ± 114.73 | 24.0–652.0 |
| 2-h | 162.97 ± 140.19 | 11.58–886.6 |
| HOMA-IR | 6.4 ± 5.0 | 0.29–33.91 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 155.9 ± 31.26 | 78.0–248.0 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 87.78 ± 39.69 | 30.0–234.0 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 43.57 ± 10.74 | 21.0–96.0 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 93.47 ± 27.57 | 30.3–174.1 |
| n | % | |
| Sex | 131 female/99 male | 56.96/43.04 |
| Prediabetes (OGTT) | 60 | 26 |
| Prediabetes (A1C) | 129 | 56 |
| Subjects with acanthosis nigricans | 195 | 84.78 |
| Subjects with dyslipidemia | 102 | 46.6 |
| Subjects with family history of diabetes | 153 | 68.3 |
To convert to SI units: A1C (mmol/mol) = 10.93 × A1C (%) – 23.5; glucose (mmol/L) = glucose (mg/dL) × 0.0555; insulin (pmol/L) = insulin (mU/L) × 6.945; cholesterol (mmol/L) = cholesterol (mg/dL) × 0.0259; triglyceride (mmol/L) = triglyceride (mg/dL) × 0.0113; HDL (mmol/L) = HDL (mg/dL) × 0.0259; LDL (mmol/L) = LDL (mg/dL) × 0.0259.