Table 1. Characteristics of hospital admissions.
| Count (percent) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | All | True ICU Admissiona | No ICU Admissiona |
| Hospital admissions (n) | 127,680 | 24,512 (19) | 103,168 (81) |
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 56.6 (37.4 - 68.9) | 63.8 (52.8 – 73.9) | 54.3 (35.0 – 67.3) |
| Race | |||
| White | 67,739 (53) | 14,588 (11) | 53,151 (42) |
| Black | 48,908 (38) | 7,328 (6) | 41,580 (33) |
| Other | 6,983 (5) | 1,196 (1) | 5,787 (5) |
| Unknown | 4,050 (3) | 1,400 (1) | 2,650 (2) |
| Gender | |||
| Female | 73,587 (58) | 10,732 (8) | 62,855 (49) |
| Male | 54,093 (42) | 13,780 (11) | 40,313 (32) |
| Hospital length of stay (days), median (IQR) | 3.0 (2.0 - 6.0) | 7.0 (4.0 – 13.0) | 3.0 (2.0 – 5.0) |
| ICU length of stayb (days), median (IQR) | 2.0 (1.1 - 4.2) | 2.0 (1.1 - 4.2) | 0.0 (0.0 – 0.0) |
| Admission type | |||
| Medical | 76,596 (60) | 9,757 (8) | 66,839 (52) |
| Surgical | 47,494 (37) | 14,298 (11) | 33,196 (26) |
| Unclassifiable/Unknown | 3,590 (3) | 457 (<1) | 3,133 (2) |
| Modified Elixhauser comorbidity score, median (IQR) | 2 (0.0– 10.0) | 7.0 (0.0 – 15.0) | 0.0 (0.0 – 7.0) |
| Severe sepsis | 12,400 (10) | 6,214 (5) | 6,186 (5) |
| Intubation or mechanical ventilation | 5,979 (5) | 5,470 (4) | 509 (<1) |
| Vasopressors | 605 (<1) | 575 (<1) | 30 (<1) |
| High-riskdiagnosis-related group code | 12,226 (10) | 3,675 (3) | 8,551 (7) |
| Discharge status | |||
| Alive | 125,242 (98) | 22,510 (18) | 102,732 (80) |
| Dead | 2,333 (2) | 1,988 (2) | 345 (<1) |
| Unknown | 105 (<1) | 14 (<1) | 91 (<1) |
| Admitting hospital | |||
| Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (Quaternary-care academic referral center) | 66,471 (52) | 13,531 (11) | 52,940 (41) |
| Pennsylvania Hospital (Community-based academic affiliate) | 34,610 (27) | 4,528 (4) | 30,082 (24) |
| Penn Presbyterian Medical Center (Tertiary-care academic affiliate) | 26,599 (21) | 6,453 (5) | 20,146 (16) |
| Associated revenue center codesc | |||
| Intensive care revenue center codes | |||
| 200 – General | 6,413 (5) | 4,452 (3) | 1,961 (2) |
| 201 – Surgical | 14,708 (12) | 12,736 (10) | 1,972 (2) |
| 202 – Medical | 2,996 (2) | 2,981 (2) | 15 (<1) |
| Coronary care revenue center codes | |||
| 210 – General | 4,092 (3) | 4,060 (3) | 32 (<1) |
IQR = interquartile range.
a
The percentages for these columns are calculated based on the entire study population.
b
The ICU length of stay is calculated only for those patients with a confirmed ICU admission.
c
Revenue center codes included in the analysis but with zero occurrences in the billing data are omitted from the table.