Figure 1.

Experimental Design to Guide Migration of Human Neural Stem Cells in Rat Brain

(A) Transplantation of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) expressing EGFP (EGFP-hNSCs) (in green) at the middle of rostral migration stream (RMS, in red) in rat brain.

(B) Transplanted hNSCs migrate along the RMS toward the olfactory bulb (OB) (in dark green, migration direction indicated by white arrow). SVZ, subventricular zone (blue); LV, lateral ventricle.

(C) In vivo application of electrical stimulation and evaluations for its effectiveness, stability, and safety in rat brain. Ag/AgCl electrodes (yellow) for measurement. Carbon electrodes (black) for delivery of electric currents.

(D) Electrically guiding migration of transplanted hNSCs to SVZ (in bright green, migration direction indicated by red arrow).