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. 2017 Jul 14;7:5391. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05217-z

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of lipoic acid on hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Input/Output (I/O) and changes after induction of LTP in all groups. (A) I/O relationship curves at increasing stimulus intensities; Bar graphs showing the minimum (B) and maximum (C) fEPSP slope values at 100 and 400 µA; (D) Baseline fEPSP slopes and those after induction of LTP; (E) The measured LTP using %EPSP for the last 5 min of the response to TBS stimulation. For each sub-figure: total n ≥ 8 slices/group and at least 3–4 animals/group. Data presented as mean ± SD, n ≥ 5, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.