. 2017 Jul 14;7:5439. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05376-z

Table 1.

Effects of Candida tropicalis, mulberry leaf flavonoids, and their combination on growth performance of calves.

Item	Treatments					P
Item	N-CON	P-CON	CT	MLF	CM	P
28–56 d (before challenge)
Average daily gain, kg/d	0.60 ± 0.11	0.59 ± 0.12	0.62 ± 0.11	0.69 ± 0.08	0.70 ± 0.11	0.29
Dry matter intake, kg/d	1.17 ± 0.10	1.16 ± 0.11	1.13 ± 0.09	1.14 ± 0.09	1.23 ± 0.12	0.85
Feed efficiency¹, %	51.28 ± 3.67^b	51.30 ± 3.30^b	54.87 ± 4.51^ab	60.53 ± 3.46^a	56.91 ± 4.63^ab	0.02
57–63 d (after challenge)
Average daily gain, kg/d	0.89 ± 0.11^a	0.56 ± 0.12^b	0.62 ± 0.14^b	0.85 ± 0.13^a	0.92 ± 0.11^a	<0.0001
Dry matter intake, kg/d	1.43 ± 0.12	1.38 ± 0.16	1.43 ± 0.10	1.40 ± 0.18	1.47 ± 0.14	0.65
Feed efficiency%	62.40 ± 6.94^a	40.95 ± 7.35^b	43.29 ± 8.76^b	61.34 ± 7.52^a	62.51 ± 7.30^a	<0.0001

¹Feed efficiency = (Average daily gain (kg/d)/Dry matter intake (kg/d)) × 100%. Values are mean ± SD. ^a,bValues in the same row with different superscripts differ significantly (P < 0.05).