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. 2017 Jul 14;7:5376. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05512-9

Figure 2.

Figure 2

AE-AS reduced HIF-1α level, VEGF expression/secretion, and downstream signaling pathways in hypoxic T24 cells. The nuclear protein level of HIF-1α under hypoxia (A) or DFO treatment (B), VEGF mRNA (C), VEGF secretion (D), and related target gene expression (E) in various groups were analyzed. Data was expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus normoxia-treated group, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001 versus respective untreated group. The T24 cells were pretreated with rapamycin (10 nM) or wortmannin (50 nM) for 1 h followed by exposed to hypoxia for 8 h, and the HIF-1α protein expression and VEGF secretion were determined (F). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 versus hypoxia-treated alone group.