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. 2017 Jul 17;11:205. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00205

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effects of extracellular vehicles (EVs) on lipopolysaccharides (LPS-induced) cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression at mRNA and protein levels in mixed neuron-glial primary cultures. (A) EVs derived from serum (serum-EV), adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC-EV) and bone marrow MSC (BMSC-EV) significantly suppressed LPS (0.3 μg/ml and 1.0 μg/ml) -induced up-regulation of COX-2 mRNA level, as compared to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) treatment (LPS 0.3 μg/ml: PBS = 5.7 ± 0.6, serum-EV = 3.3 ± 0.6, AdMSC-EV = 3.8 ± 0.5, BMSC = 1.9 ± 0.2). (B) EVs from three sources significantly inhibited LPS-induced COX-2 at protein level. The three straight lines above sample blot images indicate the three groups of LPS treatment at the concentrations of 0, 0.3 and 1.0 μg/ml (LPS 0.3 μg/ml: PBS = 243 ± 51%, serum-EV = 132 ± 10%, AdMSC-EV = 179 ± 14%, BMSC = 127 ± 13%). n = 7 tests per group. Data show means ± SEM. One-way ANOVA analysis followed by a Tukey’s post hoc test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001.