Table 1.
Demographic variables, clinical variables, and single-photon emission computed tomography uptake measurements compared between patients with PD and NCs.
| Variable | PD group (n = 31) | NC group (n = 37) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60.39 ± 13.03 | 55.49 ± 8.05 | 0.175a |
| Sex (male/female) | 17/14 | 24/13 | 0.461b |
| Education (years) | 9.13 ± 5.20 | 10.97 ± 5.15 | 0.138a |
| MMSE | 22.43 ± 6.20 | 27.59 ± 2.35 | <0.001*,c |
| CASI | 77.96 ± 21.31 | 89.70 ± 8.19 | 0.002*,c |
| Disease duration (years) | 4.03 ± 4.20 | ||
| UPDRS I | 3.87 ± 3.40 | – | – |
| UPDRS II | 12.10 ± 8.95 | – | – |
| UPDRS III | 25.68 ± 16.44 | – | – |
| UPDRS total score | 41.55 ± 27.62 | – | – |
| Modified HY staged | 2.18 ± 1.22 | – | – |
| SE-ADLe | 80.65 ± 18.96 | – | – |
| Striatal and subregional TRODAT-1 BPND | |||
| Right caudate | 1.57 ± 0.20 | ||
| Right putamen | 1.47 ± 0.22 | ||
| Right striatum | 2.02 ± 0.20 | ||
| Left caudate | 1.90 ± 0.18 | ||
| Left putamen | 2.09 ± 0.20 | ||
| Left striatum | 2.01 ± 0.17 | ||
Means and SDs of raw scores for the patients with PD and the NC groups. For each variable, the P value indicates the significance level of the appropriate statistical test comparing the raw scores of the NC group and the patients with PD.
MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; modified HY stage, modified Hoehn and Yahr stage; PD, Parkinson’s disease; SE-ADL, Schwab and England activities of daily living scale; CASI, Cognitive Ability Screening Instrument; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale.
aTwo-sample unpaired t-test.
bChi-square test.
cAnalysis of covariance test which adjusted for age, sex, and education.
dFor modified HY stage, the maximum stage is 5.
eFor the SE-ADL, the minimum score is 0, suggesting vegetative functions; the maximum score is 100, suggesting complete independence.
*P value < 0.05.