Fig. 4.
Intra-tracheal instillation of PM2.5activates phospholipid and sphingolipid metabolism in the lung (A-H) Levels of LPC (A), PC (B), ceramide (C), GlucoCer, LactoCer, C1P (D), SM (E), DHSM, DHCer, DHGlucoCer, DHC1P (F), sulfatide (G) and S1P (H) in BALF. PM2.5 (45 mg/kg) was intra-tracheally instilled into rats on the 1st, 3rd and 6th days (n = 3–5). All of the data are presented as the means ± SEM. Two-tailed Student's t-test: * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 compared with the saline instillation group.