Table 1.
Demographics and Clinical Characteristics by Study Group
| HIV-infected subjects | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (range), or no. (%) | High CD4 (N = 40) | Low CD4 (N = 39) | Healthy controls (N = 40) | p |
| Age, years | 17 (8, 24) | 9 (10, 23) | 18 (9, 26) | .27 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 16 (40) | 22 (56) | 21 (52) | .31 |
| Black race, n (%) | 38 (95) | 35 (89) | 36 (90) | .53 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22 (15, 36) | 21 (15, 51) | 22 (17, 39) | .36 |
| Total kcal/kg/day intake | 30.1 (3.1, 107.7) | 33.5 (7.9, 65.9) | 29.7 (14.4, 56.2) | .99 |
| Total protein/kg/day intake, g | 1.3 (0.3, 3.7) | 1.1 (0.3, 2.6) | 1.0 (0.6, 2.3) | .79 |
| Current smoking | 4 (10) | 7 (18) | 4 (10) | .31 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 74 (50, 140) | 75 (59,116) | 76 (59, 99) | .96 |
| sVCAM-1, ng/ml | 1,226 (585, 2,796) | 1,424 (740, 3,459) | 1,094 (547, 1,826) | <.01 |
| Interleukin-6, ng/ml | 0 (0, 326) | 0 (0, 2) | 0 (0, 15) | .43 |
| sTNFR-1, pg/ml | 279 (40, 5,262) | 464 (108, 2,105) | 104 (29, 394) | <.01 |
| Current CD4 count, cells/mm3 | 798 (580, 1,637) | 126 (5, 268) | — | <.01 |
| CD4 nadir, cells/mm3 | 18 (3, 985) | 73 (2, 311) | — | <.01 |
| Perinatal transmission | 31 (78) | 23 (61) | — | .1 |
| Undetectable HIV-1 RNAa | 30 (75) | 7 (18) | — | <.01 |
| Currently on ART | 33 (83) | 25 (64) | — | .02 |
| CDC immunological category 3 | 16 (52) | 29 (85) | — | .01 |
a
Four subjects (two from each HIV group) had unknown detectable/undetectable HIV-1 RNA status at the time of the study.
ART, antiretroviral therapy; CDC, Centers for Disease Control; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; sTNFR-I, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-I; sVCAM-1, soluble vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1.