Table 1.
Demographic information and average clinical scale scores measured at two-year follow-up (scored using percentage of maximum possible)
| Disruptive behavior /Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | Depression | RDC Cyclothymic | Bipolar I or II | Bipolar NOS/ cyclothymic disorder | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | n=172 | n=38 | n=29 | n=86 | n=38 |
| Female | 23% | 46% | 44% | 44% | 41% |
| White | 53% | 46% | 59% | 76% | 74% |
| Age (SD) | 10.93 (2.0) | 10.80 (1.8) | 10.45 (1.9) | 11.29 (2.0) | 11.08 (2.1) |
| Number of comorbid diagnoses | 1.84 (9.5)*** | 3.22 (1.2) | 2.83 (1.3) | 2.70 (1.3) | 3.42 (1.3) |
| Treatment | |||||
| Antidepressant | 15% | 22% | 28% | 22% | 18% |
| Antipsychotic | 16% | 14% | 38% | 59% | 55% |
| Mood stabilizer | 6% | 11% | 4% | 30%* | 9% |
| Stimulant | 56% | 27% | 52% | 50% | 45% |
| Psychosocial treatment | 50% | 59% | 59% | 43% | 58% |
| Family History | |||||
| Bipolar Disorder | 14% | 11% | 17% | 37% | 32% |
| Any Psychiatric Illness | 87% | 97% | 97% | 91% | 92% |
| Mean Mood Symptoms and Functioning | |||||
| CDRS-R Depression (SD) | 12.08 (8.6)*** | 34.89 (13.9) * | 25.00 (16.8) | 20.42( 18.4) | 24.38 (15.7) |
| YMRS Mania (SD) | 23.14 (15.7)*** | 24.75 (17.0) † | 35.97 (19.0) | 36.50 (22.9) | 43.18 (16.8) |
| C-GAS Global Functioning (SD) | 62.65 (9.0) † | 53.61 (8.9) | 57.38 (9.8) | 58.37 (11.1) | 53.44 (9.8) |
| P-GBI Sleep Disturbance (SD) | 21.82 (19.8) | 25.03 (22.1) | 28.41 (23.6) | 25.91 (20.4) | 34.36 (24.6) |
| Parent Stress Survey (SD) | 21.32 (17.3) † | 25.53 (20.1) | 31.15 (23.6) | 32.65 (22.2) | 30.09 (22.4) |
| Suicidal thoughts/behaviors | |||||
| Suicidal Ideation | 4% | 22% | 11% | 17% | 21% |
| Suicidal Behavior | 1% | 3% | 4% | 8% | 3% |
| Suicide Attempt | 0%† | 0% | 4% | 1% | 0% |
| Mean KINDL-R Quality of Life Scores (higher scores indicate better quality of life) | |||||
| Self-report | |||||
| Physical Well-Being (SD) | 73.19 (17.2) | 69.29 (16.6) | 68.53 (16.9) | 67.57 (17.0) | 70.39 (15.7) |
| Self-Esteem (SD) | 52.66 (26.3) | 37.32 (24.8) | 42.89 (27.5) | 50.96 (28.7) | 47.70 (27.1) |
| Family Functioning (SD) | 69.01 (17.4) | 60.48 (15.3) | 64.65 (18.5) | 64.34 (19.0) | 63.49 (16.0) |
| Friendship Quality (SD) | 70.41 (21.7) | 63.24 (20.8) | 66.16 (17.5) | 62.72 (20.2) | 66.39 (23.2) |
| School Functioning (SD) | 54.45 (18.1) | 48.90 (16.6) | 59.82 (17.5) | 58.64 (17.3) | 59.03 (13.2) |
| Parent report | |||||
| Emotional Well-Being (SD) | 74.87 (16.7)** | 70.18 (19.3) | 63.79 (17.9) | 72.50 (17.6) † | 75.49 (15.3) † |
| Physical Well-Being (SD) | 76.02 (15.1) | 62.50 (16.4) | 67.02 (17.7) | 66.86 (19.0) | 69.74 (20.4) |
| Self-Esteem (SD) | 50.48 (23.6) | 36.21 (15.4) | 44.40 (16.4) | 46.37 (18.8) | 53.78 (19.6) |
| Family Functioning (SD) | 60.60 (19.8) | 54.78 (24.9) | 53.66 (19.7) | 53.02 (20.1) | 51.81 (17.7) |
| Friendship Quality (SD) | 69.81 (18.0) | 53.49 (18.1) | 63.79 (19.9) | 59.45 (19.7) | 61.49 (15.3) |
| School Functioning (SD) | 60.19 (16.7) | 54.55 (16.2) | 62.07 (14.6) | 56.77 (17.3) | 61.79 (13.8) |
| Emotional Well-Being (SD) | 82.53 (12.8)** | 63.60 (19.1) | 69.61 (19.5) | 69.77 (16.4) | 74.01 (15.4) |
significantly different from RDCyc;
†
p<.05 above threshold of p<.01 set for this study,
*
p<.01,
**
p<.005,
***
p<.0005