Table 3.
Comparison of quality outcomes between all ownership types, unadjusted and adjusted coefficients, 2011 (reference group = public providers
| All privatea | Private equity | For-profit | Non-profit | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N= | 386 | 201 | 123 | 62 | |||||
| Type of quality indicator | unadjusted | adjusted | unadjusted | adjusted | unadjusted | adjusted | unadjusted | adjusted | |
| Structure | Employees per residentb | -0,07*** | −0.07*** | −0,1*** | −0.09*** | −0.04 | −0.04 | −0,03 | −0.03 |
| (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.01) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.02) | (0.03) | ||
| Hourly employmentb | 3,89*** | 1.84 | 5,42*** | 3.28 | 1,48 | −0.48 | 3,2 | 0.73 | |
| (0.81) | (0.84) | (1.14) | (1.15) | (1.42) | (1.44) | (1.06) | (1.21) | ||
| Full-time employmentb | −0.21 | −2.63 | 0.57 | −2.56 | −1.09 | −2.1 | 1,42 | −4.5 | |
| (1.26) | (1.22) | (1.63) | (1.55) | (2.21) | (2.03) | (3.11) | (2.77) | ||
| Employee turnover | 1.07 | 0.92 | 0.57 | 0.3 | 1,05 | 0.86 | 2,58 | 1.47 | |
| (0.93) | (1.11) | (1.15) | (1.30) | (1.69) | (1.91) | (2.46) | (2.60) | ||
| Advanced competenceb | 1,46** | −0.01 | 1,74** | 0.14 | 1.02 | −0.16 | 1,27 | −0.69 | |
| (0.38) | (0.42) | (0.46) | (0.55) | (0.78) | (0.75) | (0.75) | (0.81) | ||
| Basic competence | −2.06 | −1.36 | −3.41 | −2.68 | −1.15 | −0.52 | 0,52 | 1.31 | |
| (0.83) | (0.88) | (1.10) | (1.13) | (1.35) | (1.40) | (2.14) | (2.24) | ||
| Individual accommodation/kitchen | −6.08 | −9.15** | −4.63 | −6.43 | −7.00 | −11.3 | −8,97 | −13.4 | |
| (2.74) | (2.95) | (3.67) | (3.85) | (4.60) | (4.62) | (6.35) | (6.50) | ||
| Process | Updated care plan | 7,53*** | 6.11*** | 6,56*** | 4.89*** | 8,09*** | 6.68*** | 9,54*** | 7.71*** |
| (0.88) | (0.93) | (1.21) | (1.23) | (1.36) | (1.49) | (1.32) | (1.78) | ||
| Participation | 9,90*** | 7.72*** | 9,11*** | 6.67*** | 9,38*** | 7.17* | 13,4*** | 11.4*** | |
| (1.17) | (1.26) | (1.56) | (1.58) | (1.95) | (2.13) | (1.89) | (2.32) | ||
| Nightly fast | 7,21*** | 2.85 | 6,09** | 1.45 | 8,32*** | 3.75 | 8,41*** | 2.25 | |
| (1.12) | (1.26) | (1.63) | (1.74) | (1.42) | (1.55) | (1.81) | (2.07) | ||
| Medication review | 16,2*** | 15.3*** | 14,6*** | 13.5*** | 18,7*** | 18.1*** | 16,4** | 15.3* | |
| (1.79) | (1.98) | (2.43) | (2.59) | (2.70) | (2.85) | (4.07) | (4.44) | ||
| Screening for falls | 21,6*** | 20.2*** | 18,1*** | 17.6*** | 24,4*** | 23.9*** | 26,8*** | 25.9*** | |
| (1.62) | (1.85) | (2.28) | (2.47) | (2.38) | (2.56) | (2.95) | (3.56) | ||
| Screening for pressure ulcers | 18,7*** | 16.1*** | 15,4*** | 14.0*** | 20,0*** | 19.0*** | 26,3*** | 25.0*** | |
| (1.98) | (2.26) | (2.68) | (2.90) | (3.26) | (3.43) | (3.95) | (4.61) | ||
| Screening for malnutrition | 16,8*** | 15.7*** | 13,4*** | 12.9*** | 22,0*** | 22.3*** | 17,5** | 17.1* | |
| (1.87) | (2.14) | (2.56) | (2.79) | (2.74) | (2.94) | (4.31) | (4.91) | ||
*p < 0.05 **p < 0.01 ***p < 0.001. P-values have been adjusted for multiple testing, i.e. divided by 42 (14 quality indicators*3 ownership groups). Standard errors are in parentheses
a‘All private’ includes ‘Private equity’, ‘For-profit’ and ‘Non-profit’
bFor the indicators Employees per resident, Hourly employment, Full-time Employment, and Advanced competence, data from 2010 are used since these indicators were not measured in 2011 by the NBHW
The data from 2010 comprised of 1583 publicly operated nursing homes and 265 privately operated nursing homes (152 private equity, 69 private for-profit, 44 private non-profit)