Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of adolescents living with HIV with a low and high level of preparedness for transition to adult care
| Socio-demographic characteristics | Total (n = 223) | Level of preparedness for transitiona | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (≤7) (n = 104) | High (>7) (n = 119) | p value† | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Age (in years) | 15.8 ± 0.8 | 15.7 ± 0.8 | 15.9 ± 0.8 | 0.16 |
| Gender | 0.09 | |||
| Male | 123 (55.2) | 51 (49.0) | 72 (60.5) | |
| Female | 100 (44.8) | 53 (51.0) | 47 (39.5) | |
| Currently living with | 0.004 | |||
| Parents | 91 (40.8) | 30 (28.8) | 61 (51.3) | |
| Grandparents | 35 (15.7) | 18 (17.3) | 17 (14.3) | |
| Relatives | 75 (33.6) | 47 (45.2) | 28 (23.5) | |
| In an orphanage | 18 (8.1) | 7 (6.7) | 11 (9.2) | |
| Other | 4 (1.8) | 2 (1.9) | 2 (1.7) | |
| Mother is still alive | 0.04 | |||
| No | 117 (52.5) | 62 (59.6) | 55 (46.2) | |
| Yes | 106 (47.5) | 42 (40.4) | 64 (53.8) | |
| Mother’s level of formal education | 0.59 | |||
| No education | 12 (11.7) | 5 (12.5) | 7 (11.1) | |
| Primary school | 26 (25.2) | 9 (22.5) | 17 (27.0) | |
| Secondary school | 14 (13.6) | 8 (20.0) | 6 (9.5) | |
| High school or higher | 20 (19.4) | 8 (20.0) | 12 (19.0) | |
| Don’t know | 31 (30.1) | 10 (25.0) | 21 (33.3) | |
| Father is still alive | 0.37 | |||
| No | 128 (57.4) | 63 (60.6) | 65 (54.6) | |
| Yes | 95 (42.6) | 41 (39.4) | 54 (45.4) | |
| Father’s level of formal education | 0.62 | |||
| No education | 4 (4.4) | 1 (2.6) | 3 (5.6) | |
| Primary school | 21 (23.1) | 10 (25.6) | 11 (21.2) | |
| Secondary school | 11 (12.1) | 4 (10.3) | 7 (13.5) | |
| High school or higher | 19 (20.9) | 20 (15.4) | 13 (25.0) | |
| Don’t know | 36 (39.6) | 18 (46.2) | 18 (34.6) | |
| Main daily caregiver | 0.003 | |||
| Parent | 124 (55.6) | 48 (46.2) | 76 (63.9) | |
| Grand parent | 5 (2.2) | 2 (1.9) | 3 (2.5) | |
| Sibling | 15 (6.7) | 4 (3.8) | 11 (9.2) | |
| Relatives | 72 (32.3) | 47 (45.2) | 25 (21.0) | |
| Orphanage/NGO staff | 7 (3.1) | 3 (2.9) | 4 (3.4) | |
| Main caregiver’s level of formal education | 0.08 | |||
| Primary school or lower | 7 (5.0) | 6 (7.9) | 1 (1.6) | |
| Secondary school | 29 (20.9) | 13 (17.1) | 16 (25.4) | |
| High school | 9 (6.5) | 7 (9.2) | 2 (3.2) | |
| University or higher | 21 (15.1) | 14 (18.4) | 7 (11.1) | |
| Don’t know | 73 (52.5) | 36 (47.4) | 37 (58.7) | |
| Your level of formal education | 0.49 | |||
| Primary school or lower | 66 (29.6) | 32 (30.8) | 34 (28.6) | |
| Secondary school | 113 (50.7) | 55 (52.9) | 58 (48.7) | |
| High school or higher | 44 (19.7) | 17 (16.3) | 27 (22.7) | |
| Currently working for pay | 0.03 | |||
| No | 174 (78.0) | 88 (84.6) | 86 (72.3) | |
| Yes | 49 (22.0) | 16 (15.4) | 33 (27.7) | |
| Family received social support for your health | 0.03 | |||
| No | 115 (51.6) | 62 (59.6) | 53 (44.5) | |
| Yes | 108 (48.4) | 42 (40.4) | 66 (55.5) | |
| Types of social support | ||||
| Transportation allowance | 60 (55.6) | 26 (61.9) | 34 (51.5) | 0.29 |
| Food support | 85 (78.7) | 37 (88.1) | 48 (72.7) | 0.06 |
| School allowance | 70 (64.8) | 28 (66.7) | 42 (63.6) | 0.75 |
| Emotional counseling | 35 (32.4) | 21 (50.0) | 14 (21.2) | 0.002 |
| Vocational training | 28 (25.9) | 18 (42.9) | 10 (15.2) | 0.001 |
| Home visit | 11 (10.2) | 3 (7.1) | 8 (12.1) | 0.52 |
Values are number (%) for categorical variables and mean (±SD) for continuous variables
ART antiretroviral therapy, HIV human immunodeficiency virus, NGO non-governmental organization
†Chi square or Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical outcome variables and Student’s t test was used for continuous outcome variables
aMean score of preparedness for transition scale was used to divide participants into two groups—adolescents with low level of readiness (≤7) and adolescents with high level of readiness (>7)