Table 2.
Etiologic factors underlying development of rhabdomyolysis in the total HIV cohort and according to viral loada
| Etiology | Overall (n = 362) | Viral load <400 copies/ml (n = 71) | Viral Load ≥400 copies/ml (n = 291) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infection | 141 (39%) | 17 (24%) | 124 (43%) | 0.004 |
| Pneumonia | 75 (21%) | 7 (10%) | 68 (23%) | |
| Bacteremia | 26 (7%) | 4 (6%) | 22 (8%) | |
| Viral Illness | 25 (7%) | 3 (4%) | 22 (8%) | |
| Pyelonephritis | 8 | 2 | 6 | |
| Endocarditis | 7 | 0 | 7 | |
| Fungemia | 7 | 2 | 5 | |
| Acute antiretroviral illness | 6 | 0 | 6 | |
| Abscess | 6 | 1 | 5 | |
| Line Infection | 5 | 1 | 4 | |
| Necrotizing Fasciitis | 5 | 0 | 5 | |
| Sinusitis | 5 | 1 | 4 | |
| Meningitis | 4 | 0 | 4 | |
| Othersb | 12 | 2 | 10 | |
| Trauma/compression | 82 (23%) | 25% | 22% | 0.544 |
| Cocaine | 76 (21%) | 11% | 23% | 0.025 |
| Seizure | 26 (7%) | 7% | 7% | 0.959 |
| Alcohol | 24 (6.6%) | 6% | 7% | 0.707 |
| Medications | 22 (6%) | 17% | 4% | <0.001 |
| Cardiopulmonary arrest | 20 (6%) | 6% | 6% | 0.964 |
| Surgery | 16 | 6% | 4% | 0.579 |
| Hypokalemia | 12 | 4% | 3% | 0.633 |
| HIV Associated Myositis | 11 | 1% | 3% | 0.372 |
| Physical Exertion | 8 | 1% | 2% | 0.608 |
| Ischemic Limb | 8 | 4% | 2% | 0.198 |
| Hypothyroidism | 2 | 1% | 1% | 0.484 |
| Unclear | 25 (7%) | 13% | 6% | 0.032 |
| Miscellaneous | 25 (7%) | 10% | 6% | 0.470 |
aTotal percentages greater than 100% because 33% of patients had multiple etiologies
bOthers include appendicitis, cholecystitis, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, clostridium difficile colitis, osteomyelitis and proctitis