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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychiatr Serv. 2017 Jan 3;68(5):482–489. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201600190

TABLE 3.

Adjusted odds of receipt of various categories of depression treatment versus no treatment among elderly fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries who were newly diagnosed as having depression after receipt of a diagnosis of breast, colorectal, or prostate cancera

Antidepressants
only		 Psychotherapy
only		 Combined
antidepressants and
psychotherapy
Variable AORb 95% CI AORb 95% CI AORb 95% CI
Predisposing factor
  Race-ethnicity (reference: white)
    African American .44*** .27–.70 1.19 .64–2.21 1.02 .61–1.71
    Other .59* .38–.92 .49 .22–1.06 .38** .20–.71
Enabling factor
  Marital status (reference: married)
    Never married 1.14 .71–1.83 2.33* 1.21–4.48 1.68 .98–2.86
    Separated, divorced, widowed, or unknown 1.15 .87–1.51 1.57 .98–2.50 1.02 .71–1.45
  Primary care visits 1.00 .99–1.02 1.02* 1.00–1.04 1.02* 1.00–1.04
  Cancer treatment (reference: before depression diagnosis)
    After depression diagnosis .95 .70–1.27 .40** .22–.72 .51** .34–.79
    No treatment .83 .53–1.28 1.31 .72–2.40 .90 .54–1.51
Need factor
  Cardiovascular conditions (reference: no) 1.04 .68–1.61 .39* .21–.74 1.41 .75–2.68
  Respiratory conditions (reference: no) 1.22 .90–1.67 1.64* 1.04–2.58 1.20 .82–1.75
  ADRD (reference: no)c 1.53 .98–2.40 2.58** 1.44–4.61 2.94*** 1.81–4.76
  Anxiety (reference: no) .94 .71–1.24 .48** .29–.80 1.17 .82–1.66
External environment
  County-level percentage of psychologists (M±SD) .99 .96–1.02 1.05* 1.00–1.11 1.05* 1.00–1.09
  Region (reference: West)
    Northeast .99 .67–1.46 2.53** 1.42–4.52 2.48*** 1.56–3.95
    South 1.07 .77–1.51 .74 .39–1.39 .84 .52–1.34
    North Central 1.27 .81–1.99 2.27* 1.15–4.51 2.18** 1.26–3.77
a

Patients were continuously enrolled in Medicare Part A and B during the 12 months before the diagnosis of depression and were continuously enrolled in Medicare Parts A, B, and D for six months following the depression diagnosis. Patients who died during the 18-month observation period were excluded. Results are based on multinomial logistic regression.

b

Adjusted odds ratio

c

ADRD, Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders

***

p<.001;

**

.001≤p<.01;

*

.01≤p<.05