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. 2016 Sep 7;6(19):6906–6918. doi: 10.1002/ece3.2365

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Known (a)biotic stressors affecting oviposition‐induced indirect defenses, that is, volatile chemical cues = oviposition‐induced plant volatiles and contact chemical cues recruiting egg parasitoids. Direct defenses against insect eggs have not been tested in a multiple stressor scenario. “+”, positive effect; “−”, negative affect; “n”, neutral effect; “n.i.”, not investigated.