Fig. 4.

a Time evolution of wild-type female mosquito population F(t) before driving Y release (dotted line), and for introduction of the driving Y at time T (blue line), 1.25T (green line), 1.5T (red line), and 1.75T (orange line). For R _m = 6, m = 0.95, T = 18.25, h ₀ = 0.05, w = 1, a = 0.9825 (amplitude selected for peak to trough ratio of 100:1). Note h ₀ is the proportion of the time-averaged pre-release population size $\overline{N}\left(a\right)(=N_0)$, so the absolute numbers released at different time points are assumed to be the same. b $P_{Mut}$, P ₁, and $P_{Con}$ as a function of $t_{release},$ the time when the driving Y is released during the period T of the seasonally-varying wild-type population, for a = 0.9825 (solid lines) and a = 0 (dotted lines; no seasonality). For parameters R _m = 6, m = 0.95, h ₀ = 0.05, uN ₀ = 1, w = 1, T = 18.25, and with ${\mathrm{\gamma }}_0\left[a\right]$ adjusted as described as above, such that average wild-type populations over a period $\overline{N}\left(a\right)=N_0$