Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants (n = 88)
| Mean ± SD or number (%) | Range | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 33.3 ± 4.9 | 20-43 |
| Primipara | 46 (52.3%) | |
| Stature (cm) | 158 ± 5 | 147-172 |
| Prepregnancy weight (kg) | 58.5 ± 12.6 | 40-90 |
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 23.9 ± 5.1 | 16.6-38.9 |
| Family history of diabetes | 46 (52.2%) | |
| OGTT results | ||
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 86.1 ± 10.5 | 68-118 |
| 1-h plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 188.2 ± 23.8 | 95-266 |
| 2-h plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 158.2 ± 25.7 | 86-232 |
| Women diagnosed by the Japanese criteria | 23 (26.1%) | |
| Fasting insulin (mU/L) | 7.3 ± 3.4 | 2.2-18.6 |
| Insulin therapy during pregnancy | 54 (61.3%) | |
| Weight gain during pregnancy (kg) | 6.9 ± 5.3 | −11.2-20.4 |
| Gestational age at delivery | 38.5 ± 2.7 | 29-42 |
| Cesarean birth | 26 (29.5%) | |
| Birthweight (g) | 2922 ± 594 | 910-4090 |
BMI body mass index, OGTT oral glucose tolerance test, SD standard deviation