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. 2017 Jul 11;12:4963–4979. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S138400

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Figure 1

Ovariectomy aggravates cardiomyopathy in diabetic mice.

Notes: (A) Schematic representation of the experimental procedure. OVX and sham female mice were subjected to STZ or vehicle treatment 1 week after operation. Ten weeks later, cardiac function, morphology, and cellular changes were systematically analyzed. (B) Representative images of the M-mode echocardiography of control, OVX, diabetic, and OVX diabetic mice before sacrifice. (C) Representative WGA-stained sections from the left ventricular mid-chamber of OVX, diabetic, and OVX diabetic mice. (D) Masson Trichrome staining of the hearts from OVX, diabetic, and OVX diabetic mice. (E) LVEF value of cardiac systolic function in the OVX, diabetic, and OVX diabetic mice groups (mean ± SD, n=5 mice in each group, *P<0.05). (F) LVFS value of cardiac systolic function in the OVX, diabetic, and OVX diabetic goups (mean ± SD, n=5 mice in each group, *P<0.05, **P<0.01). (G) Quantitative data of the cardiomyocyte size in the indicated groups (mean ± SEM, analyzed from 4 representative sections from 4 mice in each group, *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001). (H) Quantitative data of the fibrotic area in the indicated groups (mean ± SEM, analyzed from 4 representative sections from 4 mice in each group, *P<0.05 and ***P<0.001). Scale bars =50 μm and apply to all images.

Abbreviations: Ctrl, control; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVFS, left ventricular fraction shortening; OVX, ovariectomized; SEM, standard error of the mean; STZ, streptozotocin; WGA, wheat germ agglutinin.