Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of patients from included RCTs
| Study | Group | Number | Male (%) | Median; age (range) | ISS stage (%)
|
Median β2–microglobin, mg/L (range) | Median; albumin, g/L (range) | M protein (%)
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | II | III | IgG | IgA | IgD | IgM | Light chain | |||||||
| Rajkumar et al22 | TD | 99 | 50 (51) | 65 (38–83) | 54 (55) | 11 (11) | NA | NA | 62 (63) | 21 (21) | NA | 0 (0) | 16 (16) | |
| Dex | 100 | 49 (49) | 65 (38–82) | 43 (43) | 12 (12) | NA | NA | 58 (58) | 22 (22) | NA | 1 (1) | 17 (17) | ||
| Sonneveld et al24 | VAD | 414 | 247 (60) | 57 (25–65) | 144 (35) | 124 (30) | 107 (26) | 3.40 (NA) | NA | 234 (57) | 97 (23) | 3 (1) | NA | 78 (19) |
| PAD | 413 | 253 (61) | 57 (31–65) | 144 (35) | 150 (36) | 81 (20) | 3.40 (NA) | NA | 251 (61) | 92 (22) | 5 (1) | NA | 63 (15) | |
| Moreau et al25 | VD | 99 | 60 (61) | 57 (52–61) | 33 (34) | 43 (44) | 21 (22) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| VTD | 100 | 55 (100) | 58 (54–62) | 31 (31) | 46 (46) | 23 (23) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Rosinol et al26 | VTD | 130 | 72 (55) | 56 (NA) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 85 (65) | 25 (19) | 4 (3) | 1 (1) | 16 (12) |
| TD | 127 | 69 (54) | 56 (NA) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 70 (55) | 32 (25) | 4 (3) | 0 (0) | 22 (17) | |
| VBMCP-VBAD-B | 129 | 67 (52) | 57 (NA) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 79 (61) | 27 (21) | 3 (2) | 1 (1) | 19 (15) | |
| Lokhorst et al14 | TAD | 268 | 177 (66) | 57 (30–65) | 98 (49) | 51 (25) | 52 (26) | 3.4 (0.1–35.4) | 36.0 (4.2–57.4) | 161 (61) | 56 (21) | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | 43 (16) |
| VAD | 268 | 160 (60) | 56 (32–65) | 109 (56) | 40 (21) | 45 (23) | 3.1 (0.0–34.8) | 36.0 (17.1–59.1) | 156 (59) | 53 (20) | 3 (1) | 1 (0) | 50 (19) | |
| Moreau et al27 | VTD | 169 | 103 (61) | 59 (34–65) | 38 (22) | 94 (56) | 37 (22) | 3.6 (2.1–8.9) | 36.9 (28.2—41.7) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| VDC | 169 | 108 (64) | 60 (26–65) | 43 (25) | 90 (53) | 36 (21) | 3.8 (2.0–9.3) | 35.7 (27.9—41.3) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Cavo et al28 | TD | 100 | NA | 54.01 (NA) | NA | NA | NA | 3.66 (NA) | NA | 61 (61) | 26 (26) | NA | NA | NA |
| VAD | 100 | NA | 53.94 (NA) | NA | NA | NA | 3.49 (NA) | NA | 60 (60) | 31 (31) | NA | NA | NA | |
| Ludwig et al21 | VTD | 49 | 26 (53) | 57 (35–65) | 12 (24) | 22 (45) | 15 (31) | 3.5 (1.6–23.2) | 34.0 (15–49) | 29 (59) | 11 (22) | 0 (0) | NA | 9 (18) |
| VTDC | 49 | 25 (51) | 58 (33–68) | 9 (18) | 23 (47) | 17 (35) | 4.4 (1.5–12.0) | 32.0 (14–50) | 30 (61) | 11 (22) | 1 (2) | NA | 7 (14) | |
| Harousseau et al29 | VD | 240 | 139 (58) | 57.2 (NA) | 102 (42) | 81 (34) | 52 (22) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| VAD | 242 | 127 (52) | 57.1 (NA) | 97 (40) | 82 (34) | 54 (22) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Mai et al30 | VDC | 251 | 153 (61) | 58.7 (33–70) | 94 (38) | 82 (33) | 75 (30) | NA | NA | 148 (59) | 51 (20) | NA | NA | 47 (19) |
| PAD | 251 | 147 (59) | 59.4 (36–70) | 99 (39) | 80 (32) | 72 (29) | NA | NA | 150 (60) | 54 (22) | NA | NA | 43 (17) | |
| Cavo et al12 | VTD | 236 | 137 (58) | 58 (NA) | 107 (45) | 91 (39) | 38 (16) | 3.0 (2.3–4.4) | 38.3 (NA) | 154 (65) | 41 (17) | NA | NA | 40 (17) |
| TD | 238 | 136 (57) | 57 (NA) | 107 (45) | 92 (39) | 39 (16) | 3.2 (2.3—4.9) | 39.3 (NA) | 147 (62) | 54 (23) | NA | NA | 34 (14) | |
| Mellqvist et al31 | VAD | 156 | NA | 56 (NA) | 37 (24) | 76 (49) | 42 (27) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Cy-Dex | 158 | NA | 57 (NA) | 38 (24) | 82 (52) | 38 (24) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| Kumar et al32 | VDCR | 48 | 29 (60) | 61.5 (41–81) | 16 (33) | 22 (46) | 10 (21) | NA | NA | 33 (69) | 8 (17) | NA | NA | 7 (15) |
| VDR | 42 | 24 (57) | 60 (42–75) | 16 (38) | 18 (43) | 8 (19) | NA | NA | 27 (64) | 9 (21) | NA | NA | 6 (14) | |
| VDC | 33 | 19 (58) | 62 (40–75) | 11 (33) | 11 (33) | 11 (33) | NA | NA | 22 (67) | 7 (21) | NA | NA | 3 (9) | |
| VDC-mod | 17 | 7 (41) | 63 (40–72) | 8 (47) | 6 (35) | 3 (18) | NA | NA | 8 (47) | 2 (12) | NA | NA | 6 (35) | |
| Kumar et al33 | TD | 102 | 136 (68) | 54.5 (32–70) | 119 (60) | 81 (40) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| RD | 98 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||||||
Abbreviations: Cy-Dex, cyclophosphamide plus dexamethasone; Dex, dexamethasone; ISS, International Staging System; NA, not available; PAD, bortezomib plus doxorubicin plus dexamethasone; RCTs, randomized controlled trials; RD, lenalidomide plus dexamethasone; TAD, thalidomide plus doxorubicin plus dexamethasone; TD, thalidomide plus dexamethasone; VAD, vincristine plus doxorubicin plus dexamethasone; VBMCP-VBAD-B, BCNU plus vincristine plus melphalan plus prednisone plus dexamethasone plus bortezomib; VD, bortezomib plus dexamethasone; VDC, bortezomib plus dexamethasone plus cyclophosphamide; VDCR, bortezomib plus dexamethasone plus cyclophosphamide plus lenalidomide; VDR, bortezomib plus dexamethasone plus lenalidomide; VTD, bortezomib plus thalidomide plus dexamethasone; VTDC, bortezomib plus thalidomide plus dexamethasone plus cyclophosphamide.