Table 6.
Effect of probiotics on growth during primary stay in hospital.
| Variable | No antibiotics (n = 919) | Antenatal antibiotics only (n = 396) | Postnatal antibiotics only (n = 3166) | Ante- and postnatal antibiotics (n = 3862) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight gain (g/d) | ||||
| Effect of Probiotics | −0.6 | −0.06 | 0.66 | 0.48 |
| 95% CI; p | −1.29 −0.15; 0.1 | −2.8–2.7; 0.9 | 0.32–1; p < 0.001 | 0.14–0.8; 0.005 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.07 | 0.004 | 0.14 | 0.12 |
| Growth velocity body length (mm/d) | ||||
| Effect of Probiotics | −0.05 | 0.1 | 0.09 | 0.03 |
| 95% CI; p | −0.12–0.03; p = 0.2 | −0.04–0.24; 0.2 | 0.06–0.12; p < 0.001 | 0–0.06; 0.05 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.001 | 0.009 | 0.012 | 0.004 |
| Growth velocity head circumference (mm/d) | ||||
| Effect of Probiotics | −0.02 | 0.014 | 0.04 | 0.02 |
| 95% CI;p | −0.07–0.02; 0.3 | −0.06–0.09; 0.7 | 0.02–0.06; p < 0.001 | 0.004–0.04; 0.02 |
| Adjusted R2 | 0.03 | 0.003 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
Linear regression analysis included gestational age per week, birth weight in 100 g steps, gender, multiple birth, maternal descent and exposure to Bifidobacterium infantis/Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotics. Linear regression analysis included gestational age per week, birth weight in 100 g steps, gender, multiple birth, maternal descent and exposure to Bifidobacterium infantis/Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotics. The effect of probiotics on weight gain as g/d growth rates in mm/d is shown as B coefficient, 95% confidence interval and p-value. Adjusted R2 values indicate coefficients of determinations and adjust for the number of terms used in the model.