Table 1.

Clinical and metabolic parameters for type 2 diabetic patients with or without insulin treatment.

Variable	T2D without insulin treatment	T2D with insulin treatment	P value
	(N = 11)	(N = 27)
Age (y)	54.64 ± 3.77	57.70 ± 1.53	0.37
Female/Male	7/4	14/13	0.52
Fasting glucose (mmol/l)	10.52 ± 1.64	9.22 ± 0.50	0.47
HbA1c (%)	10.33 ± 1.30	9.0 ± 0.95	0.35
BMI (kg/m2)	25.33 ± 0.99	25.86 ± 0.63	0.66
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)	4.74 ± 0.25	4.64 ± 0.16	0.72
Triacylglycerol (mmol/l)	2.24 ± 0.34	1.65 ± 0.16	0.09
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	1.61 ± 0.38	1.35 ± 0.10	0.51
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)	2.87 ± 0.32	2.73 ± 0.18	0.69
Fasting insulin (pmol/l)	53.41 ± 9.72	162.30 ± 30.00	0.02
C- Peptide (mg/l)	2.34 ± 0.31	2.10 ± 0.65	0.86
Betatrophin (pg/ml)	303.02 ± 48.20	508.30 ± 64.61	0.015

All values are given as mean ± SEM. T2D: type 2 diabetes; BMI: body mass index; HbA_1c: Hemoglobin A1c.