Table 2. Univariate associations between echo predictors and 60-day death or re-admission by diagnosis groups.
| Hypertensive CMP (n = 338) | Valvular (n = 217) | Other (n = 399) | |||||
| Hazard ratio | Hazard ratio | Hazard ratio | Interaction | ||||
| Echocardiographic parameter | (95% CI) | p-value | (95% CI) | p-value | (95% CI) | p-value | p-value |
| LVEDD (mm) | 0.98 (0.95–1.01) | 0.15 | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 0.29 | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.49 | 0.17 |
| LVESD (mm) | 0.98 (0.96– 1.00) | 0.087 | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0.47 | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.92 | 0.20 |
| IVSTd (mm) | 0.98 (0.89–1.09) | 0.76 | 0.98 (0.88– 1.10) | 0.77 | 0.93 (0.85–1.02) | 0.12 | 0.64 |
| PWTd (mm) | 1.03 (0.91–1.15) | 0.68 | 0.97 (0.85– 1.10) | 0.59 | 0.93 (0.84–1.04) | 0.19 | 0.47 |
| LV mass | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.44 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.63 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.59 | 0.62 |
| LVEF (%), per 5% increment | 1.07 (0.97–1.18) | 0.16 | 0.99 (0.89– 1.11) | 0.86 | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) | 0.82 | 0.42 |
| Left atrial size (A-P) (mm) | 1.02 (0.97– 1.06) | 0.46 | 1.01 (0.98– 1.05) | 0.57 | 1.00 (0.97– 1.03) | 0.97 | 0.83 |
| Left atrial size (planimetry) mm2 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.083 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.49 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | 0.055 | 0.73 |
| E/A ratio per doubling | 0.93 (0.65–1.31) | 0.67 | 1.67 (0.75– 3.75) | 0.21 | 1.15 (0.85–1.55) | 0.37 | 0.35 |
| E-wave deceleration time (ms) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.65 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.24 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.73 | 0.77 |
| MV A-wave duration | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.25 | 1.01 (1.00–1.01) | 0.049 | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.17 | 0.056 |
| MV E/A ratio grades | |||||||
| Grade 1: impaired relaxation | (reference group) | (reference group) | (reference group) | ||||
| Grade 2: pseudonormal | 1.63 (0.66–3.98) | 0.32 | – | 0.78 (0.29–2.09) | 0.63 | 0.18 | |
| Grade 3: restrictive filling | 0.93 (0.39–2.18) | – | 1.13 (0.49–2.58) | ||||
LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end-systolic diameter; IVSTd, interventricular septal thickness in diastole; PWTd, posterior wall thickness in diastole; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; A-P, antero-posterior; MV, mitral valve.
Heart rates are for an increment of one unit in the predictor unless otherwise noted. Valvular group defined as rheumatic heart disease or having severe mitral stenosis/regurgitation, aortic stenosis/regurgitation.