Fig. 3.

Mean diameter of surviving and dead trees over time and of a subset of surviving fast growing (elite) trees treated by insecticide. Preoutbreak surviving trees grew faster than trees that died. The reverse was true postoutbreak. When beetles were excluded in elite trees, fast growth was not selected against and 93% survived. Thus, selection against larger trees in the overall population was beetle-driven. Bars are SEs (often smaller than symbols). Mean diameters postoutbreak are from age 27 y after accounting for mortality. Dashed lines between ages 27 and 34 y illustrate that different sets of trees survive and die pre- and postoutbreak.