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. 2017 Jan 5;3:16030. doi: 10.1038/npjamd.2016.30

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

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Effect of constant routine feeding on peripheral PER2::LUC rhythms. (a) Experimental constant routine feeding schedule. Mice were fed the same amount of food (0.54 g) 6 times per day at the same interval for 4 weeks. White and black bars indicate the light and dark periods, respectively. Arrowheads indicate food timings. ZT, zeitgeber time; SF, scheduled feeding. (b–e) Analyzed wave forms (b), peak phases (c), phase change values (d), and amplitudes (e) of PER2::LUC bioluminescence in the kidney, liver, and submandibular gland (sub gla). Values are expressed as the mean±s.e.m. The number of mice used is indicated in Supplementary Table S1. In evaluation of the aged kidney, 1 outlier was excluded. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 versus the young group (Student’s t test, Mann–Whitney test, or two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Sidak’s or Tukey’s post hoc tests). The P value on the lower right side of each figure (b) indicates the result of a two-way ANOVA between the control and SF 6 points groups.