. 2017 May 29;4(7):1700107. doi: 10.1002/advs.201700107

Table 2.

Graphene‐based paper‐like electrodes and their flexible energy storage devices

Electrodes	Synthesis methods	Device	Performance				Ref.
			Capacitance/Capacity	Power Density	Energy Density	Cycling Stability
Graphene paper	Laser scribing	SC	276 F g⁻¹	20 W cm⁻³	1.36 mWh cm⁻³	96.5% after 10000 cycles	136
Graphene paper	Frozen and pressing	SC	172 F g⁻¹	–	–	99% after 5000 cycles	134
		LIB	864 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	65.7% after 100 cycles
Mesoporous graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	Li‐S^*	1393 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	49.5% after 50 cycles	157
Graphene hydrogel film	Hydrothermal reduction	SC	187 F g⁻¹	0.37 kW kg⁻¹	0.61 Wh kg⁻¹	91.6% after 10000 cycles	158
	Pressing
Porous graphene film	Freeze‐casting	SC	284.2 F g⁻¹	282 kW kg⁻¹	9.9 Wh kg⁻¹	97.6% after 10000 cycles	159
Holey graphene film	Hydrothermal etching	SC	298 F g⁻¹	7.46 kW kg⁻¹	35.1 Wh kg⁻¹	95% after 20000 cycles	137
			212 F cm⁻³	10.6 kW L⁻¹	49.2 Wh L⁻¹
Nanoporous graphene film	Sacrificial template	SC	305 F g⁻¹	20.8 W cm⁻³	2.65 mWh cm⁻³	94% after 10000 cycles	153
			95.4 F cm⁻³
Porous activated rGO film	Vacuum filtration	SC	120 F g⁻¹	500 kW kg⁻¹	26 Wh kg⁻¹	95% after 2000 cycles	133
rGO film	Laser writing	SC	0.51 mF cm⁻²	1.7 W cm⁻³	0.43 mWh cm⁻³	70% after 10000 cycles	148
rGO film	Photo reduction	SC	275 F g⁻¹	–	–	98% after 100 cycles	160
N‐doped graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	SC	280 F g⁻¹	–	–	99.4% after 40000 cycles	139
N/S‐codoped graphene paper	Layer‐by‐layer Self‐assembly	SC	305 F g⁻¹	17.76 Wh kg⁻¹	28.44 Wh kg⁻¹	95.4% after 10000 cycles	140
			188 F cm⁻³
PPy‐graphene film	Pulse‐electropolymerization	SC	237 F g⁻¹	1.18 kW kg⁻¹	33 Wh kg⁻¹	–	156
PANI‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration Electrodeposition	SC	233 F g⁻¹	–	–	109% after 1500 cycles	129
			135 F cm⁻³
PANI nanofiber‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	SC	210 F g⁻¹	3.3 kW kg⁻¹	18.8 Wh kg⁻¹	79% after 800 cycles	146
PANI‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	SC	489 F g⁻¹	–	–	96% after 500 cycles	161
	Chemical polymerization
PANI‐graphene film	Screen printing	SC	269 F g⁻¹	454 kW kg⁻¹	9.3 Wh kg⁻¹	203% after 1000 cycles	118
Graphene‐PANI‐graphene film	Vacuum filtration	SC	390 F g⁻¹	2.4 kW kg⁻¹	10.4 Wh kg⁻¹	82% after 5000 cycles	162
PANI‐MnO₂‐graphene	Vacuum filtration	SC	636.5 F g⁻¹	–	–	85% after 10000 cycles	131
	Electrodeposition polymerization
PANI‐3D‐graphene film	Sacrificial template polymerization	SC	385 F g⁻¹	–	–	90% after 5000 cycles	152
PEDOT‐graphene film	Bar‐coating	SC	448 mF cm⁻²	3.59 kW kg⁻¹	2.83 Wh kg⁻¹	95% after 10000 cycles	151
			81.9 F g⁻¹
Si‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	LIB	3200 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	83% after 150 cycles	163
Co₃O₄‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	LIB	1356 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	61.9% after 40 cycles	164
Fe₂O₃‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	SC	178.3 F cm⁻³	6.21 W cm⁻³	56 mWh cm⁻³	83.1% after 10000 cycles	165
Fe₃O₄‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	LIB	1555 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	85% after 50 cycles	166
MnO₂‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration annealing	SC	256 F g⁻¹	–	–	74% after 1000 cycles	167
MnO₂‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	SC	897 mF cm⁻²	3.8 mW cm⁻²	35.1 µWh cm⁻²	78% after 3600 cycles	168
Mn₃O₄‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	SC	54.6 F cm⁻³	10.95 W cm⁻³	5.5 mWh cm⁻³	95% after 6000 cycles	145
SnO₂‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	LIB	526 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	83.4% after 25 cycles	169
SnO₂‐N‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	LIB	918 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	63% after 50 cycles	170
MoO₃‐graphene film	Vacuum filtration	LIB	291 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	59.1% after 100 cycles	171
Mo₂N‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration NH₃ annealing	SC	142 mF cm⁻²	0.035 W cm⁻³	1.05 mWh cm⁻³	85.7% after 4000 cycles	172
MoS₂‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	SIB	347 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	90% after 15 cycles	173
V₂O₅‐graphene paper	Hydrothermal reaction vacuum filtration	SC	21.3 F g⁻¹	425 W kg⁻¹	8.5 Wh kg⁻¹	60% after 50 cycles	174
V₂O₅‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	SC	512 mF cm⁻²	625 W kg⁻¹	13.3 Wh kg⁻¹	90% after 8000 cycles	175
				4.17 mW cm⁻²	89 µWh cm⁻²
V₂O₅·H₂O‐graphene film	Vacuum filtration	SC	11.7 mF cm⁻²	10 µW cm⁻²	1.13 µWh cm⁻²	95% after 2000 cycles	176
VOPO₄‐graphene film	Layer‐by‐layer	SC	8.36 mF cm⁻²	5.2 mW cm⁻²	1.7 mWh cm⁻²	96% after 2000 cycles	177
TiO₂‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	LIB^*	236 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	99% after 90 cycles	178
Nb₂O₅‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	LIC^*	160 mAh g⁻¹	32 W kg⁻¹	106 Wh kg⁻¹	110.8% after 1000 cycles	179
T‐Nb₂O₅‐graphene paper	Hydrothermal reaction	SC	620.5 F g⁻¹	18 W kg⁻¹	47 Wh kg⁻¹	94.8% after 1700 cycles	180
	Vacuum filtration		961.8 F cm⁻³
CuO‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	LIB	782.3 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	94.2% after 50 cycles	181
MnO₂‐PPy‐graphene film	Electrodeposition	SC	600 F g⁻¹	13 kW kg⁻¹	28 Wh kg⁻¹	92% after 5000 cycles	182
RuO₂‐graphene film	Laser‐scribing	SC	1139 F g⁻¹	81.4 kW kg⁻¹	55.3 Wh kg⁻¹	93% after 4000 cycles	147
			158 F cm⁻³
Ni(OH)₂‐grapheen paper	Vacuum filtration	SC	573 F g⁻¹	17 kW kg⁻¹	18 Wh kg⁻¹	158% after 20000 cycles	183
			655 F cm⁻³
β‐Ni(OH)₂‐graphene film	Vacuum filtration	SC	660.8 F cm⁻³	–	–	100% after 2000 cycles	184
			3.3 mF cm⁻²
Co(OH)₂‐graphene film	Vacuum filtration	SC	20 F g⁻¹	–	–	100% after 5000 cycles	185
		LIB	520 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	23.1% after 200 cycles
Li‐rGO film	Spark reaction	LIB	3390 mAh g⁻¹	–	–	90% after 100 cycles	186
Carbon black‐graphene paper	Vacuum filtration	SC	112 F g⁻¹	–	–	94% after 3000 cycles	187
3D CNT‐graphene film	CVD	SC	–	10.3 kW kg⁻¹	22.8 Wh kg⁻¹	90.2% after 10000 cycles	188

*Notes: Lithium‐ion capacitor (LIC), Lithium‐sulfur batteries (Li‐S), Sodium‐ion batteries (SIB).