Table 2.
Diagnostic catheterization procedures and CAG results
| Any PMN (n=178) |
No PMN (n=360) |
P | Major PMN (n=32) |
No major PMN (n=506) |
P | |
| Procedural characteristics | ||||||
| Inexperienced operator | 102 (57.3) | 215 (59.7) | ns | 17 (53.1) | 300 (59.3) | ns |
| Approach sites | ||||||
| Radial artery | 161 (90.5) | 326 (90.6) | ns | 28 (87.5) | 459 (90.7) | ns |
| Brachial artery | 17 (9.6) | 33 (9.2) | ns | 4 (12.5) | 46 (9.09) | ns |
| Femoral artery | 0 (0) | 1 (0.28) | ns | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) | ns |
| Right heart catheterization | 18 (10.1) | 23 (6.4) | ns | 3 (9.38) | 38 (7.51) | ns |
| Fractional flow reserve | 82 (46.1) | 88 (24.4) | <0.001 | 11 (34.4) | 159 (31.4) | ns |
| Optical coherence tomography | 44 (24.7) | 92 (25.6) | ns | 5 (15.6) | 131 (25.9) | ns |
| Bypass graft arteriography | 4 (2.3) | 13 (3.6) | ns | 0 (0) | 17 (3.36) | ns |
| Aortography | 7 (3.9) | 5 (1.4) | ns | 2 (6.25) | 10 (1.98) | ns |
| Left ventriculography | 166 (93.3) | 331 (91.9) | ns | 29 (90.6) | 468 (92.5) | ns |
| Procedural time, min | 46.1 (35.2–58.1) |
36 (25.5–47.8) |
<0.001 | 41.1 (31.5–58) |
39.1 (27.3–51.6) |
ns |
| CAG results | ||||||
| End-diastolic pressure, mm Hg | 16 (13–20) | 14 (11–18) | <0.001 | 17 (13–22) | 15 (11–19) | 0.016 |
| SYNTAX score | 2 (0–7) | 4 (0–10) | ns | 2.5 (0–14.9) | 3 (0–9) | ns |
| GENSINI score | 22 (11–36) |
28 (14–44) |
0.013 | 23 (11–53) |
26 (14–41) |
ns |
| Multivessel disease | 31 (17.9) | 85 (24.5) | ns | 9 (28.1) | 107 (21.9) | ns |
| Postintervention | 37 (20.8) | 112 (31.1) | 0.012 | 10 (31.3) | 139 (27.5) | ns |
| Post-PCI | 34 (19.1) | 104 (28.9) | 0.015 | 9 (28.1) | 129 (25.5) | ns |
| Post-CABG | 3 (1.7) | 8 (2.2) | ns | 1 (3.1) | 10 (2.0) | ns |
CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CAG, coronary angiography; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PMN, procedure-related myocardial necrosis.
Post-intervention/PCI/CABG refers to these interventions performed based on the CAG results within 6 months after CAG procedures.