Table A18:

Urinary Function Outcomes for Robot-Assisted Versus Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy

Author, Year	Assessment Method	Outcome Definition	Time	Robot-Assisted Surgery	Laparoscopic Surgery	P Value
Randomized controlled trials
Asimakopoulos et al, 201130	Telephone interview	No leakage/need of any protective pad	3 months	69%	63%	.51
			6 months	88%	75%	.06
			12 months	94%	83%	.07
	—	Time to continence	—	2.6 ± 4.2 months	3.0 ± 2.9 months	.27
Porpiglia et al, 201329	Telephone interview	0 or 1 pad/day	3 months	48/60 (80%)	37/60 (62%)	.03
			6 months	53/60 (88%)	44/60 (73%)	.04
			12 months	57/60 (95%)	53/60 (83%)	.04
Nonrandomized studies
Berge et al, 201358	Mailed questionnaire	UCLA-PCI urinary function score	Baseline	94.1 ± 11.0	92.4 ± 13.4	—
			3 months	62.1 ± 26.2	60.2 ± 27.2	.9
			12 months	77.4 ± 22.4	78.5 ± 23.4	.2
			36 months	77.0 ± 23.2	80.4 ± 22.7	.06
Asimakopoulos et al, 201357	Telephone interview	No leakage/need for any protective pad	12 months	123 (90%)	74 (81%)	.05
Ploussard et al, 201460	Mailed questionnaire	No pad usage	3 months	50%	39%	.02
			6 months	72%	59%	.02
			12 months	75%	69%	.18
			24 months	84%	79%	.02
Willis et al, 201261	Questionnaire	0 or 1 pad/day	Baseline	99%	100%	—
			3 months	76%	72%	.46
			6 months	87%	89%	.67
			12 months	93%	93%	.99
	Questionnaire	EPIC urinary summary	Baseline	90.3 ± 1.4	89.8 ± 11.7	—
			3 months	76.6 ± 15.3	76.5 ± 14.4	.96
			6 months	82.7 ± 14.9	83.4 ± 13.3	.70
			12 months	83.5 ± 16.1	85.6 ± 13.4	.25

Abbreviations: EPIC, Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite; UCLA-PCI, University of California–Los Angeles Prostate Cancer Index.