Comparison of clinical cutoff scores on the PROMIS Depression metric. CES-D: 16 or higher for positive clinical depression. PHQ-9: 5–9 (mild), 10–14 (moderate), 15–19 (moderately severe), 20 or higher (Severe). BDI-II: 0–13 (minimal), 14–19 (mild), 20–28 (moderate), 29 or higher (severe). CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; PHQ-9 = 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire; BDI-II = Beck Depression Inventory–II; PROMIS Depression = Depression subscale of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System.