Table 3. Relative risksa of hospital admissions for asthma per 10 ppb increase in ozone concentrations or per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentrations at Lag 0–1 in New York City, stratified by socioeconomic status, during warm seasons from 2002 to 2006.
| Asthma HAs | Warm season 02–06 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ozonea | PM2.5a | |||||
| High-SES | Low-SES | P of SES-ozone Interaction | High-SES | Low-SES | P of SES-PM2.5 Interaction | |
| All ages | 1.0025 | 1.0034 | 0.8509 | 1.0085 | 1.0145 | 0.5408 |
| (0.9902, 1.0148) | (0.9920, 1.0149) | (0.9887, 1.0286) | (0.9970, 1.0323) | |||
| Age < 6 y.o. | 1.003 | 0.9929 | 0.2626 | 0.9979 | 1.0103 | 0.4999 |
| (0.9804, 1.0261) | (0.9724, 1.0139) | (0.9616, 1.0356) | (0.9786, 1.0430) | |||
| Age 6–18 y.o. | 1.0269 | 1.0211 | 0.6326 | 1.0212 | 1.034 | 0.5897 |
| (0.9965, 1.0581) | (0.9935, 1.0495) | (0.9736, 1.0711) | (0.9935, 1.0762) | |||
| Age 19–49 y.o. | 0.9989 | 0.9979 | 0.8903 | 0.9985 | 1.0148 | 0.3255 |
| (0.9789, 1.0193) | (0.9795, 1.0166) | (0.9658, 1.0324) | (0.9863, 1.0441) | |||
| Age 50+ y.o. | 1.0023 | 1.0053 | 0.6645 | 1.0085 | 1.013 | 0.7568 |
| (0.9846, 1.0204) | (0.9882, 1.0226) | (0.9797, 1.0381) | (0.9863, 1.0404) | |||
d.f. = Degree of Freedom; PM2.5 = Fine Particulate Matter; ppb = Parts Per Billion; SES = Socioeconomic Status; μg/m3 = Microgram Per Cubic Meter.
(a) Relative risks were estimated from generalized additive models for outdoor pollen, lag 0–1 day air pollutants with adjustment for cubic splines of calendar time (12 d.f. per year), cubic splines of same-day temperature (3 d.f.), cubic splines of lag 1–2 day temperature (3 d.f.), start of school, very hot and humid day, day of the week, and public holidays.