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. 2017 Jul 18;7:5691. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05932-7

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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TRAIL induces the expression of cytokines and chemokines in human primary adipocytes. Human primary adipose stromal cells were isolated from white adipose tissue (n = 7) and adipogenesis was induced ex vivo. On day 14 of adipogenesis, the cells were treated with TRAIL (30 ng/ml) or vehicle for 6 hours and the gene expression of IL-6 (A), IL-8 (B), MCP-1 (C) and CCL-20 (D) was analyzed by qPCR. The mRNA levels were normalized to HPRT. Values are means and SEM of 7 independent experiments. Unpaired Student’s t-test was used to test for statistical significance. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.