Table 1.

Characteristics of included studies.

First author	year	study country	Numbers of patients	Age of patients	ASA PS	Type of surgery	Dose of NMBA	Additional NMBA	Intervention	Control	Time of reverse	Maintenance of anesthesia
Plaud B23	2009	Six European centers	63	28 days –17 year (2 infants, 4 children and 5 adolescents in CG/6 infants, 18 children and 23 adolescents in SG)*	1–2	Surgery in a supine position	0.6 mg/kg Roc	None	0.5 mg/kg Sug 1 mg/kg Sug 2 mg/kg Sug 4 mg/kg Sug	placebo	Reappearance of T2 three times	Opioid + Propofol
Veiga RG24	2011	Spain	24	2–9 years	UR	UR	0.45 mg/kg Roc	0.15 mg/kg Roc as needed	2.0 mg/kg Sug	5 mcg/kg Neo + 2.5 mcg/kg Atp**	Reappearance of T2 three times	70% N2O
Alvarez-Gomez JA25	2012	Multicenter	96	2–11 years	UR	UR	0.6 mg/kg Roc	UR	4.0 mg/kg Sug	50 mcg/kg Neo + 25 mcg/kg Atp	PTC < 2	UR
Gaona D26	2012	Multicenter	30	2–11 years	UR	UR	0.6 mg/kg Roc	UR	4 mg/kg Sug	50 mcg/kg Neo + 25 mcg/kg Atp	PTC < 2–3 (sug group) PTC > 2–3 (control group)	UR
Kara T27	2014	Turkey	80	2–12 years (5.07 ± 3.24 years in CG/6.48 ± 2.81 years in SG)	1	Lower abdominal or urogenital procedures	0.6 mg/kg Roc	0.2 mg/kg Roc as needed	2 mg/kg Sug	30 mcg/kg Neo + 10 mcg/kg Atp	Reappearance of T2	50% N2O + 2% Sev
Ozgun C28	2014	Turkey	60	2–12 years (8.0 ± 2.8 years in CG/7.3 ± 2.2 years in SG)	1–2	Ear nose and throat surgery	0.6 mg/kg Roc	0.1–0.2 mg/kg Roc as needed	2.0 mg/kg Sug	60 mcg/kg Neo + 20 mcg/kg Atp	Reappearance of T2	50% N2O + Sev (1.3–1.5MAC)
Ghoneim AA29	2015	Egypt	40	7–18years	1–3	Posterior fossa tumor excision	0.6 mg/kg Roc	0.4 mg/kg/h Roc	4 mg/kg Sug	40 mcg/kg Neo + 20 mcg/kg Atp	Reappearance of T2	0.5 μg/kg/h Fentanyl + Sev 1MAC
El sayed M30	2016	Egypt	70	2–10 years (5.42 ± 2.23 years in CG/5.64 ± 2.41 years in SG)	1	Tonsillectomy (outpatient)	0.6 mg/kg Roc	0.2 mg/kg Roc as needed	2.0 mg/kg Sug	50 mcg/kg Neo + 10 mcg/kg Atp	Reappearance of T2	Isoflurane
Güzelce D31	2016	Turkey	37	2–16 years (7.02 ± 4.46 years in CG/6.37 ± 4.08 years in SG)	1	lower urinary tract surgery and inguinal hernia	0.6 mg/kg Roc	0.15 mg/kg Roc as needed	2.0 mg/kg Sug	50 mcg/kg Neo + 20 mcg/kg Atp	Reappearance of T2	2% Sev
Mohamad Zaini RH32	2016	Malasia	80	2–12 years	UR	UR	0.6 mg/kg Roc	0.2 mg/kg Roc as needed	2.0 mg/kg Sug	50 mcg/kg Neo + 20 mcg/kg Atp	Reappearance of T2 or T3	UR

ASA PS: American Society of Anesthesiologists’ physical status. NMBA: neuromuscular blockade agents. UR: unreported. Roc: Rocuronium. Sug: sugammadex. Neo: neostigmine. Atp: atropine. PTC: post-titanic count. Sev: Sevoflurane. MAC: minimum alveolar concentration. CG: control group. SG: sugammadex group. *In Plaud’s study, Infant, child, and adolescent were defined as 28 days to 23 months, 2–11 years and 12–17 years, respectively. **The dose of neostigmine and atropine was suspected for that is far less than recommended.