Table 1.
Demographics and Medical History of 617 Patients, Comprising 213 Cases and 404 Controlsa
| Cases (stroke) (n = 213) | Controls (no stroke) (n = 404) | p Valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, % male | 60.1 | 59.9 | 0.96 |
| Mean ± SD age, years | 64.9 ± 13.3 | 64.8 ± 13.3 | 0.93 |
| Hypertension, % | 75 | 68.2 | 0.12 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 28.7 | 26.9 | 0.63 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, % | 53.8 | 57.6 | 0.42 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, % | 18.4 | 9.3 | 0.001 |
| Myocardial infarction, % | 35.9 | 31.3 | 0.25 |
| COPD, % | 10.3 | 7.4 | 0.22 |
| Obesity, % | 11.9 | 14.4 | 0.41 |
| Smoking, % | 40.6 | 47.5 | 0.16 |
| Prior stroke, % | 27.4 | 18.8 | 0.016 |
| Family history of CAD, % | 33 | 30.9 | 0.63 |
| Type of operation, % | |||
| Redo CABG | 3.3 | 3 | 0.83 |
| CABG (including redo) | 34.7 | 34.7 | 0.98 |
| Aortic | 21.6 | / | … |
| Valve | 14.1 | 14.9 | … |
| CABG + valve | 16.4 | 16.8 | … |
| CABG + other operation | 6.1 | 6.2 | … |
| Other operation | 7 | 5.5 | … |
| Pre-op MAP, mean ± SD, mm Hg | 92.6 ± 16.3 | 90.4 ± 15.6 | 0.1 |
| CPB, mean ± SD, min | 136.7 ± 61.5 | 125.1 ± 58.1 | 0.02 |
a
Controls were matched based on sex, 20-year age band, type of surgical procedure, and year of procedure.
b
The p values are calculated by Pearson χ2 for categoric variables and by t test for continuous variables. All of these variables, with the exception of sex and operation type (because controls were matched on these factors) were entered into the multivariate models.
CABG = coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD = coronary artery disease; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder; CPB = cardiopulmonary bypass; MAP = mean arterial pressure; SD = standard deviation.