Table 4.
Negative control analysis: odds ratios and 95% confidence interval for associations between parental antidepressant use* ascertained through national prescription drug register and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Stockholm youth cohort subsample (n=47 629) born 2006-07 in cluster robust logistic regression models (cluster=birth mother).
| OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted† | |
| ASD | ||
| Maternal antidepressant use | 2.01 (1.34 to 3.01) | 1.69 (1.06 to 2.72) |
| Paternal antidepressant use | 1.38 (0.90 to 2.12) | 1.13 (0.68 to 1.88) |
| ASD without intellectual disability | ||
| Maternal antidepressant use | 2.27 (1.49 to 3.47) | 1.85 (1.11 to 3.09) |
| Paternal antidepressant use | 1.46 (0.92 to 2.32) | 1.18 (0.68 to 2.06) |
| ASD with intellectual disability | ||
| Maternal antidepressant use | 0.86 (0.21 to 3.49) | 0.83 (0.25 to 2.82) |
| Paternal antidepressant use | 1.03 (0.32 to 3.24) | 0.91 (0.26 to 3.27) |
*Antidepressant exposure defined as ever/never during pregnancy if prescription dispensed from 30 days before conception until birth.. †Adjusted for birth year, maternal and paternal antidepressant use, maternal and paternal depression before birth, maternal age, sex, paternal age, parity, maternal education, family income fifth, maternal birth country, and other maternal psychiatric disorders before birth (anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, non-affective psychotic disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, stress-related disorders, other neurotic disorders).