Table 3.
Effects of EQUIP on coverage, quality and knowledge of danger signs
| Tanzania | Uganda | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (women of reproductive age, 6 rounds) | Survey roundsa | 1st and 6th round estimates % (95% CI) |
Estimated difference-in-difference (95% CI) |
N (6 rounds) | 1st and 6th round estimates % (95% CI) |
Estimated difference-in-difference (95% CI) |
|||
| Intervention | Comparison | Intervention | Comparison | ||||||
| Primary coverage indicators | |||||||||
| Facility delivery | 1422 | 1st round 6th round |
55 (45 to 65) 87 (77 to 93) |
62 (50 to 72) 78 (67 to 86) |
7 (−7 to 21) | 2929 | 56 (47 to 64) 68 (58 to 76) |
31 (25 to 39) 42 (33 to 51) |
−3 (−15 to 9) |
| Immediate breastfeeding | 1398 | 1st round 6th round |
31 (22 to 42) 37 (28 to 47) |
32 (21 to 46) 40 (30 to 52) |
−7 (−21 to 7) | 2793 | 37 (30 to 45) 41 (35 to 46) |
20 (16 to 26) 23 (18 to 29) |
−6 (−17 to 5) |
| Primary quality indicator b | |||||||||
| Population indicator “effective coverage” of uterotonics within 1 min after birth | 409 last events 1422 live birthsb |
1st round 6th round |
29 (16 to 41) 81 (72 to 91) |
44 (31 to 58) 70 (58 to 81) |
26 (25 to 28) | 291 last events 2929 live birthsb |
38 (27 to 50) 59 (48 to 70) |
11 (3 to 20) 23 (10 to 6) |
8 (6 to 9) |
| Primary knowledge indicator (assessed through interviews with women of reproductive age with a live birth in the year prior to the survey) | |||||||||
| Mothers’ knowledge of critical danger signs pregnancyc | 1422 | 1st round 6th round |
25 (18 to 33) 45 (36 to 54) |
40 (30 to 51) 45 (34 to 56) |
4 (−11 to 18) | 2993 | 36 (30 to 42) 49 (43 to 55) |
32 (27 to 39) 43 (35 to 40) |
−2 (−14 to 11) |
| Mothers’ knowledge of critical danger signs newbornsc | 1422 | 1st round 6th round |
36 (29 to 45) 38 (30 to 48) |
35 (26 to 45) 34 (26 to 43) |
2 (−12 to 15) | 2848 | 45 (40 to 50)~ 34 (28 to 40) |
38 (33 to 43) 27 (21 to 34) |
−7 (21 to 6) |
| Secondary coverage indicators (indicators monitoring improvement topics chosen by the teams) | |||||||||
| Post-partum care <7 days (restricted to home births) | 442 | 1st round 6th round |
19 (11 to 30) 23 (10 to 46) |
27 (14 to 47) 23 (7 to 54) |
17 (−8 to 40) | 1103 | 4 (1 to 12) 3 (1 to 10) |
3 (1 to 7) 2 (1 to 8) |
−3 (−8 to 2) |
| Clean birth kit (restricted to home births) | 442 | 1st round 6th round |
15 (7 to 29) 62 (23 – 84) |
23 (13 to 37) 23 (11 to 41) |
31 (2 to 60) | 1103 | 9 (3 to 22) 25 (18 to 22) |
5 (2 to 9) 7 (3 to 15) |
10 (−6 to 26) |
| Wrapping of babies (as part of HBB) | 1288 | 1st round 6th round |
43 (33 to 53) 56 (48 to 65) |
44 (34 to 56) 33 (25 to 44) |
7 (−21 to 36) | Not prioritised by QI team | |||
| ANC 4 + | 1st round 6th round |
Not prioritised by QI team | 2990 | 41 (35 to 48) 47 (40 to 54) |
34 (28 to 39) 38 (31 to 46) |
0 (−15 to 15) | |||
| BCG immunisation of newborns | 1st round 6th round |
1654 | 81 (73 to 88) 81 (73 to 88) |
77 (71 to 83) 84 (78 to 88) |
−8 (−16 to 0) | ||||
| Secondary quality indicators (indicators monitoring improvement topics chosen by the teams) (assessed through health facility assessments) | |||||||||
| Infection prevention items availabled | 352 | Baseline Endline |
13 (4 to 34) 69 (50 to 83) |
48 (27 to 67) 76 (58 to 87) |
21 (−4 to 46) | ||||
| Supervision to health facilities (past 6 months) | 354 | Baseline Endline |
78 (57 to 91) 100 |
92 (73 to 98) 100 |
14 (0 to 28) | ||||
aFirst round November 2011 to February 2012 included 111 and 91 women with a live birth in the year prior to the survey in intervention and comparison districts in Tanzania and 238 and 272 in Uganda, respectively. The sixth round January 14–April 14; ~relates to the second round April 2012 to July 2012 included 106 and 101 women with a live birth in the year prior to the survey in intervention and comparison districts in Tanzania and 281 and 199 in Uganda, respectively.
bAssessed through multiplying household survey coverage estimates of facility delivery in women with a live birth in the last year prior to the survey to reports of health workers on implementation practices in surveyed facilities using the last event module during the same time period. We included 409 last event questionnaire in Tanzania and 291 in Uganda.
cKnowledge of all three critical danger signs in pregnancy (severe vaginal bleeding, oedema of face/hands and blurred vision) and four in newborns (convulsions, difficult breathing, lethargy/unconsciousness and very small baby)
dInfection prevention items included clean running water, disinfectant, soap and gloves