. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 19.

Published in final edited form as: J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2016 Dec 14;27(3):290–298. doi: 10.1038/jes.2016.57

Table 4.

Associations between average time spent outdoors and urinary 1-OHPG concentration.

	Crude^a		Adjusted^b
	β (95% CI)	P-value	β (95% CI)	P-value
Avg. time outdoors days 0–2 (urine day 3)	0.002 (−0.061, 0.066)	0.939	0.019 (−0.058, 0.096)	0.635
Avg. time outdoors days 4–6 (urine day 7)	0.030 (−0.014, 0.075)	0.178	0.048 (−0.001, 0.098)	0.054
By gender
Boys
Avg. time outdoors days 0–2 (urine day 3)	−0.009 (−0.082, 0.063)	0.798	−0.008 (−0.095, 0.080)	0.861
Avg. time outdoors days 4–6 (urine day 7)	0.085 (0.026, 0.144)	0.005	0.097 (0.037, 0.157)	0.002
Girls
Avg. time outdoors days 0–2 (urine day 3)	0.034 (−0.088, 0.156)	0.585	0.060 (−0.085, 0.206)	0.417
Avg. time outdoors days 4–6 (urine day 7)	−0.019 (−0.087, 0.049)	0.588	−0.019 (−0.080, 0.043)	0.552

Adjusted for urinary creatinine.

Adjusted for urinary creatinine, gender, age, atopic status, season, and caregiver’s education. Bold value is statistically significant (P < 0.05).