| Outcome | Total Comparisons | Total Studies | All Studies | Oxybutynin IR | Oxybutynin ER | Tolterodine IR | Tolterodine ER | Trospium | Darifenacin | Solifenacin | Fesoterodine |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | RR (95% CI)(Szonyi et al., 1995) | RR (95% CI)(Lackner et al., 2008) | RR (95% CI)(Malone-Lee et al., 2001) | RR (95% CI)(DuBeau et al., 2012; Wagg et al., 2014; Zinner et al., 2002) | RR (95% CI)(Sand et al., 2011) | RR (95% CI)(Chapple et al., 2007a; Foote et al., 2005) | RR (95% CI)(Wagg et al., 2006) | RR (95% CI)(Dubeau et al., 2014; DuBeau et al., 2012; Kraus et al., 2010b; Wagg et al., 2013) | |||
| Abdominal Pain | 3 | 3 | 0.83 (0.25–2.74) | -- | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | 0.96 (0.20–4.60) | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.33 (0.03–3.19) |
| Abnormal Accommodation | 1 | 1 | 0.64 (0.06–6.91) | -- | -- | 0.64 (0.06–6.91) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| AEs | 11 | 10 | 1.26 (1.12–1.43) | -- | 0.82 (0.38–1.78) | 1.14 (0.89–1.47) | 1.21 (1.00–1.45) | 0.99(0.71–1.38) | 1.27(1.09–1.48) | -- | 1.56(1.32–1.84) |
| AEs, Severe | 1 | 1 | 0.88 (0.30–2.63) | -- | -- | 0.88 (0.30–2.63) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Anorexia | 1 | 1 | 0.92 (0.06–13.95) | -- | 0.92 (0.06–13.95) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Arthralgia | 1 | 1 | 1.00 (0.20–4.91) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.00 (0.20–4.91) |
| Atrial Fibrillation | 1 | 1 | 1.51 (0.06–36.71) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.51 (0.06–36.71) | -- | -- |
| Back Pain | 2 | 2 | 1.22 (0.03–43.25)* | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.22 (0.03–43.25)* |
| Balance Disorder | 1 | 1 | 2.41 (0.12–49.99) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.41 (0.12–49.99) |
| Blurred Vision | 2 | 2 | 0.39 (0.04–3.71)* | 0.77 (0.5–1.19) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.09 (0.01–1.64) |
| Bronchitis | 1 | 1 | 0.20 (0.02–1.70) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.20 (0.02–1.70) |
| Cardiovascular Disease AEs | 1 | 1 | 4.80 (0.26–88.40) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4.80 (0.26–88.40) | -- | -- |
| Cognitive AEs | 2† (0) | 1† (0) | -- | -- | -- | -- | † | -- | -- | -- | † |
| Confusional State | 2 | 2 | 0.95(0.10–8.95) | -- | 0.31 (0.01–7.23) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3.0 (0.12–7.33) |
| Constipation | 14 | 13 | 2.39 (1.76–3.23)* | 0.99 (0.61–1.63) | 4.63 (0.23–91.81) | 0.96 (0.10–9.02) | 1.87 (1.14–3.08) | 13.03 (0.77–219.66) | 2.40 (1.36–4.23)* | 3.61 (2.22–5.89) | 3.14(2.15–4.57) |
| Constipation, Mild | 2 | 2 | 2.73 (0.88–8.49) | -- | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.73 (0.81–9.18) |
| Constipation, Mild-Moderate | 1 | 1 | 3.42 (2.10–5.59) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3.42 (2.10–5.59) | -- |
| Constipation, Moderate | 2 | 2 | 6.56 (0.80–53.64) | -- | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 13.30 (0.78–217.90) |
| Constipation, Severe | 3 | 3 | 2.76 (0.58–13.05) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 7.46 (0.58–13.05) | 1.84 (0.29–11.63) |
| Contusion | 1 | 1 | 1.50 (0.25–8.91) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.50 (0.25–8.91) |
| Cough | 2 | 2 | 1.77 (0.47–6.61)* | -- | 0.92 (0.47–6.61) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3.50 (0.73–16.7) |
| Diarrhea | 8 | 7 | 1.20 (0.56–2.56)* | -- | -- | 1.28 (0.28–5.82) | 2.80 (0.19–41.56)* | 0.10 (0.01–1.86) | -- | -- | 1.26 (0.42–3.79) |
| Dizziness | 9 | 9 | 1.43 (0.83–2.46) | -- | 0.31 (0.01–7.23) | 0.64 (0.17–2.46) | 1.63 (0.55–4.83) | 0.14 (0.01–2.81) | 1.60 (0.07–38.97) | -- | 2.22 (1.04–4.37) |
| Dry Eyes | 2 | 2 | 1.78 (0.47–6.69) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.78 (0.47–6.69) |
| Dry Mouth | 14 | 13 | 3.94 (2.82–5.50)* | 0.99 (0.61–1.63) | 0.92 (0.06–13.95) | 4.25 (1.63–11.07) | 3.89 (2.08–7.27)* | 3.07 (0.69–13.70) | 5.82 (3.11–10.90) | 5.49 (3.51–8.59) | 4.88 (3.81–6.26) |
| Dry Mouth, Mild | 2 | 2 | 5.57 (3.65–8.49) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 5.57 (3.65–8.49) |
| Dry Mouth, Mild-Moderate | 1 | 1 | 5.49 (3.46–8.70) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 5.49 (3.46–8.70) | -- |
| Dry Mouth, Moderate | 2 | 2 | 4.00 (1.92–8.34) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4.00 (1.92–8.34) |
| Dry Mouth, Severe | 4 | 4 | 4.80 (1.65–13.95) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 5.42 (0.68–13.95) | 4.59 (1.32–15.94) |
| Dry Skin | 1 | 1 | 0.77 (0.50–1.19) | 0.77 (0.50–1.19) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Dry Throat | 2 | 2 | 1.89 (0.60–5.89) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.89 (0.60–5.89) |
| Dyspepsia | 7 | 2.01 (0.82–4.90)* | -- | 0.31 (0.01–7.23) | 0.40 (0.11–1.43) | 1.74 (0.42–7.18) | -- | 5.31 (0.69–40.97) | -- | 4.12 (1.59–10.63 | |
| Dysuria | 2 | 2 | 1.02 (0.27–3.92) | -- | 0.31 (0.01–7.23) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.33 (0.30–5.90) |
| Edema | 2 | 2 | 1.02 (0.46–2.25) | -- | -- | -- | 1.04 (0.34–3.18) | -- | -- | -- | 1.00 (0.33–3.06) |
| Facial Drop | 1 | 1 | 0.31 (0.01–7.23) | -- | 0.31 (0.01–7.23) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Fall | 2 | 2 | 0.89 (0.37–2.18) | -- | 0.46 (0.04–4.77) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.00 (0.38–2.63) |
| Fatigue | 3 | 3 | 1.21 (0.50–2.93) | -- | 0.31 (0.01–7.23) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.39 (0.49–3.92) |
| Flatulence | 1 | 1 | 1.36 (0.13–14.70) | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.36 (0.13–14.70) | -- | -- | -- |
| Gastroesophageal Reflux Disorder | 1 | 1 | 3.00 (0.31–28.67) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3.00 (0.31–28.67) |
| Headache | 10 | 9 | 1.62 (0.95–2.79)* | -- | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | 2.57 (0.33–19.95) | 1.97 (1.07–3.65) | -- | 0.11 (0.01–2.20) | -- | 1.46 (0.52–3.63) |
| Heartburn | 1 | 1 | 1.13 (0.71–1.79) | 1.13 (0.71–1.79) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Hypertension | 4 | 4 | 1.27 (0.85–1.91) | -- | -- | -- | 1.45 (0.92–2.27) | -- | -- | -- | 0.75 (0.30–1.87) |
| Increased Post-Void Residual Volume | 1 | 1 | 3.00 (0.12–73.33) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3.00 (0.12–73.33) |
| Influenza | 4 | 3 | 0.83 (0.25–2.83)* | -- | -- | -- | 2.61 (0.58–11.84) | -- | -- | -- | 0.54 (0.13–2.23) |
| Insomnia | 2 | 2 | 3.28 (0.79–13.66) | -- | -- | -- | 2.61 (0.51–13.28) | -- | -- | -- | 7.00 (0.36–134.90) |
| Memory Impairment | 1 | 1 | 5.00 (0.24–103.68) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 5.00 (0.24–103.68) |
| Muscle Spasms | 1 | 1 | 0.11 (0.01–2.05) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.11 (0.01–2.05) |
| Nasal Dryness | 1 | 1 | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | -- | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Nasopharyngitis | 4 | 4 | 1.40 (0.82–2.39) | -- | -- | -- | 1.46 (0.59–3.61) | -- | -- | -- | 1.37 (0.71–2.66) |
| Nausea | 6 | 6 | 1.32 (0.67–2.60) | -- | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | 0.96 (0.10–9.02) | 0.35 (0.04–3.31) | -- | -- | -- | 1.53 (0.71–3.32) |
| Nervous System AE | 2 | 2 | 1.18 (0.38–3.63) | -- | -- | 1.28 (0.28–5.82) | -- | -- | 1.06 (0.20–5.71) | -- | -- |
| Nervousness | 1 | 1 | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | -- | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Pain in Extremity | 1 | 1 | 0.16 (0.01–2.74) | -- | -- | -- | 0.16 (0.01–2.74) | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Palpitations | 1 | 1 | 0.20 (0.01–4.15) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.20 (0.01–4.15) |
| Paranoia | 1 | 1 | 0.31 (0.01–7.23) | -- | 0.31 (0.01–7.23) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Pruritus | 1 | 1 | 5.00 (0.24–103.68) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 5.00 (0.24–103.68) |
| Rash | 2 | 2 | 0.60 (0.03–11.15)* | -- | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.14 (0.01–2.75) |
| Renal Colic | 1 | 1 | 1.51 (0.06–36.71) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.51 (0.06–36.71) | -- | -- |
| Serious AEs | 11 | 10 | 0.83 (0.58–1.19) | -- | -- | 0.96 (0.10–9.02) | 0.59 (0.22–1.57)* | 0.14 (0.01–2.81) | 0.68 (0.15–3.02) | 0.85 (0.23–3.13) | 1.10 (0.67–1.81) |
| Sinusitis | 2 | 2 | 0.64 (0.00–168.55)* | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.64 (0.00–168.55)* |
| Somnolence | 4† (3) | 4† (3) | 0.87 (0.19–4.09)* | -- | 0.31 (0.01–7.23) | -- | 2.08 (0.53–8.23) | † | -- | -- | 0.2 (0.01–4.15) |
| Toothache | 1 | 1 | 2.41 (0.12–49.99) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2.41 (0.12–49.99) |
| Treatment-related AEs | 2 | 2 | 1.96 (1.39–2.76) | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.67 (0.83–3.36) | 2.06 (1.39–3.06) | -- | -- |
| Treatment-related Glaucoma | 1† (0) | 1† (0) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | † | -- | -- |
| Upper Respiratory Tract Infection | 2 | 2 | 0.96 (0.11–8.30)* | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.96 (0.11–8.30)* |
| Urinary Retention | 10† (8) | 9† (8) | 3.60 (1.67–7.76) | -- | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | † | 2.08 (0.19–22.82)† | 3.43 (0.17–70.17) | -- | 2.48 (0.70–8.85) | 6.02 (1.81–20.00)* |
| Urinary Tract Infection | 8 | 8 | 1.17 (0.81–1.71) | -- | -- | -- | 0.87 (0.40–1.89) | 3.43 (0.17–70.17) | 0.18 (0.01–4.33) | 1.93 (1.04–3.58) | 1.02 (0.61–1.70) |
| Urinary Tract Infection, Mild- Moderate | 1 | 1 | 1.93 (1.04–3.58) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.93 (1.04–3.58) | -- |
| Urinary Tract Infection, Severe | 1† (0) | 1† (0) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | † | -- |
| Urticaria | 1 | 1 | 3.00 (0.12–73.33) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3.00 (0.12–73.33) |
| Vertigo | 1† (0) | 1† (0) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | † | -- | -- | -- |
| Visual Disturbance | 3† (1) | 3† (1) | 7.29 (0.38–140.36) | -- | † | -- | 7.29 (0.38–140.36) | † | -- | -- | -- |
| Vomiting | 2 | 2 | 0.72 (0.10–5.09) | -- | 2.78 (0.12–65.08) | -- | 0.35 (0.04–3.31) | -- | -- | -- | -- |
*
= I2 >25%;
†
=Adverse Event noted in Study but 0 count,
AEs = Adverse Events; CI = confidence intervals; ER = extended release; IR = immediate release; RR= rate ratio