Table 3. Factors associated with Willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials among those who have not participated in HIV vaccine trials in the past (N = 189) and multivariable logistic regression examining the association between willingness to participate in HIV vaccine trials and sociodemographic characteristics and risk score (N = 155).
| Not willing to participate (N = 78) N (%) |
Willing to participate (N = 111) N (%) |
P-value | OR (95% Cl) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education | 0.02 | |||||
| Less than high school diploma | 7(58.3) | 5(41.7) | Reference | Reference | ||
| High school diploma | 18(60.0) | 12(40.0) | 0.67(0.15–3.08) | 0.61 | ||
| College or higher | 53(36.1) | 94(63.9) | 1.51(0.38–5.96) | 0.56 | ||
| Employment | 0.001 | |||||
| Working full-time | 33(30.0) | 77(70.0) | ||||
| Working part-time | 24(63.2) | 14(36.8) | ||||
| Not working | 21(51.2) | 20(48.8) | ||||
| Annual Income | <0.001 | |||||
| Less than $10,000 | 21(51.2) | 20(48.8) | ||||
| $10,000–19,999 | 21(70.0) | 9(30.0) | ||||
| $20,000–39,999 | 21(32.8) | 43(67.2) | ||||
| $40,000 or more | 15(27.8) | 39(72.2) | ||||
| Place of Birth | 0.04 | |||||
| United States | 67(38.9) | 105(61.1) | 1.75(0.57–5.36) | 0.33 | ||
| Non-U.S. | 11(64.7) | 6(35.3) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Religion | 0.007 | |||||
| Christian | 54(36.2) | 95(63.8) | ||||
| Non-Christian | 24(60.0) | 16(40.0) | ||||
| Usual Place of Medical Care | 0.02 | |||||
| Private doctor | 41(33.9) | 80(66.1) | ||||
| Health department/ERa | 21(58.3) | 13(41.7) | ||||
| Community clinic | 16(50.0) | 16 (50.0) | ||||
| Last HIV Test | 0.05 | |||||
| Less than 6 months | 57(37.8) | 94(62.3) | 1.16(0.52–2.60) | 0.71 | ||
| More than 6 months/never | 21(55.3) | 17(44.7) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Risk Behaviors | ||||||
| Exchange money, gifts, drugs for sex in the past 12 months | 13(50.0) | 13(50.0) | 0.33 | |||
| Gave money, gifts or drugs for sex in the past 12 months | 6(60.0) | 4(40.0) | 0.32* | |||
| STIs in past 12 months | 13(54.2) | 11(45.8) | 0.17 | |||
| Condomless anal intercourse in past 6 months | ||||||
| Any condomless RAIb | 0.85* | |||||
| Yes | 24(48.0) | 26(52.0) | ||||
| No | 25(44.6) | 31(55.4) | ||||
| Any condomless IAIc | 0.19* | |||||
| Yes | 31(56.4) | 24(43.6) | ||||
| No | 26(43.3) | 34(56.7) | ||||
| Risk Score | 0.01 | |||||
| 1. 0 | 22(32.8) | 45(67.2) | Reference | Reference | ||
| 2. 1 | 45(56.2) | 35(43.8) | 0.39(0.19–0.79) | 0.01 | ||
| 3. 2 | 5(62.5) | 3(37.5) | 0.37(0.08–1.84) | 0.23 | ||
| PrEPd or PEPe Usage Ever In the Past | ||||||
| PrEP | 1.00 | |||||
| Yes | 5(35.7) | 9(64.3) | ||||
| No | 33(33.3) | 66(66.7) | ||||
| PEP | 0.34* | |||||
| Yes | 4(36.4) | 7(63.6) | ||||
| No | 45(55.6) | 36(44.4) | ||||
| Past Research Participation | ||||||
| HIV vaccine trials | 0.26* | |||||
| Yes | 1(12.5) | 7(87.5) | ||||
| No | 48(36.1) | 85(63.9) |
(*) = Fisher’s Exact Test
a ER: Emergency Room
b RAI: Receptive anal intercourse
c IAI: Insertive anal intercourse
d PrEP: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
e PEP: Post-Exposure Prophylaxis