Table 1. Descriptive baseline characteristics of participants and the odds of being retained in the HEALS study, Columbia SC, 2009-2012.
| Characteristic | Retained, n=238a | Not retained, n=174 | Crude OR (95% CI) | |
| Age, mean ± SD | 57.27 ± 11.08 | 51.58 ± 11.90 | 1.04 (1.03-1.06) | |
| Age | <41 years | 20 (37.04) | 34 (62.96) | reference |
| 41-50 years | 45 (45.00) | 55 (55.00) | 1.39 (.71-2.74) | |
| 51-60 years | 81 (66.39) | 41 (33.61) | 3.36 (1.72-6.55) | |
| >60 years | 92 (67.15) | 45 (32.85) | 3.48 (1.80-6.71) | |
| Distance, mean ± SD | 8.52 ± 9.23 | 10.41 ± 10.26 | .98 (.96-1.00 | |
| Distance | ≥5 miles | 116 (52.73) | 104 (47.27) | reference |
| <5 miles | 114 (63.69) | 65 (36.31) | 1.57 (1.05-2.35) | |
| Sex | Female | 193 (58.84) | 135 (41.16) | reference |
| Male | 45 (52.94) | 40 (47.06 | .79 (.49-1.27) | |
| Educational status | ≤High school | 43 (59.72) | 29 (40.28) | reference |
| Some college | 76 (53.90) | 65 (46.10) | .79 (.44-1.40) | |
| Completed college | 60 (61.86) | 37 (38.14) | 1.09 (.59-2.04) | |
| >College | 57 (64.77) | 31 (35.23) | 1.24 (.65-2.36) | |
| Marital status | Single | 26 (49.06) | 27 (50.94) | reference |
| Divorced/Separated | 40 (62.50) | 24 (37.50) | 1.73 (.83-3.62) | |
| Widowed | 31 (73.81) | 11 (26.19) | 2.93 (1.22-7.01) | |
| Married | 140 (58.33) | 100 (41.67) | 1.45 (.80-2.64) | |
| Employment | Unemployed | 20 (51.28) | 19 (48.72) | reference |
| Employed full time | 111 (53.62) | 96 (46.38) | 1.10 (.55-2.18) | |
| Employed part time | 22 (66.67) | 11 (33.33) | 1.90 (.73-4.95) | |
| Retired | 83 (68.60) | 38 (31.40) | 2.08 (.99-4.33) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | Normal (18.5 to <25kg/m2) | 35 (23.91) | 11 (23.91) | reference |
| Overweight (25 to <30 kg/m2) | 57 (64.77) | 31 (35.23) | .58 (.26-1.29) | |
| Obese (30 to <40 kg/m2) | 109 (55.33) | 88 (44.67) | .39 (.19-.81) | |
| Morbidly obese (>40 kg/m2) | 35 (50.72) | 34 (49.28) | .32 (.14-.74) | |
| Intervention group | Intervention | 111 (49.78) | 112 (50.22) | reference |
| Control | 127 (66.84) | 63 (33.16) | 2.03 (1.36-3.04) | |
| Partner enrolled in study | No | 68 (40.96) | 98 (59.04) | reference |
| Yes | 170 (68.83) | 77 (31.17) | 3.18 (2.11-4.79) | |
| Perceived Stress Scoreb | High stress (> 20) | 27 (43.55) | 35 (56.45) | reference |
| Low stress (≤ 20) | 199 (62.78) | 118 (37.22) | 2.19 (1.26-3.79) | |
| Depressive symptomsc | Depressive symptoms | 39 (48.75) | 41 (51.25) | reference |
| No depressive symptoms | 183 (61.00) | 117 (39.00) | 1.64 (1.00-2.70) | |
Data are n (%) unless indicated otherwise.
a. The main outcome variable (retained) was defined as those participants who attended all three time points while participants who missed either one or two of the time points were classified as not retained.
b. Perceived Stress Scale used was measured by the Perceived Stress Scale 10 by MacArthur Research Network. A stress score of ≤20 was considered as low stress while a stress score of >20 was considered as high stress.
c. Depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CESD-10) scale. Depression symptom was dichotomized into depressive symptoms when the score was >10 and no depressive symptoms when ≤10.