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. 2017 Jul 19;7:5811. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05373-2

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Spatial maps and time series of standardized precipitation anomalies (dimensionless) calculated for the 1982–2017 period. The contour plots present the seasonal rainfall anomalies for the five extreme droughts of 1983 (a1 to d1), 1998 (a2 to d2), 2005 (a3 to d3), 2010 (a4 to d4), and 2016 (a5 to d5). The monthly time series (e1) were constructed by averaging the 3-month SPI over the North Amazon, South Amazon, and Nordeste regions (the box shown in a1) and the highlight strips denote the five extreme droughts represented in the spatial maps. Seasonal cycles for each year start from September of the previous year (e.g. SON 2004 for 2005 seasonal cycle). Figures created with: The NCAR Command Language (Version 6.3.0) [Software]. (2016). Boulder, Colorado: UCAR/NCAR/CISL/TDD. http://dx.doi.org/10.5065/D6WD3XH5.