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. 2017 Jul 19;14:97. doi: 10.1186/s12966-017-0547-2

Table 3.

Sleep duration and Total time in bed of grade 5 children and electronic and entertainment communication device bedroom access and use during the hour before sleep

% Sleep duration (Hours) p-value Total Time in Bed (%) p-value
TV
 No access and no use 53.7 9.87 (±0.56) <0.001 10.19 (±0.56) <0.001
 Access but never used 14.2 9.80 (±0.59) 10.12 (±0.61)
 Access and used 20.1 9.75 (±0.60) 10.09 (±0.60)
aNo access and used 12.0 9.90 (±0.54) 10.23 (±0.54)
Computer
 No access and no use 54.5 9.89 (±0.56) <0.001 10.21 (±0.57) <0.001
 Access but never used 13.8 9.77 (±0.59) 10.10 (±0.60)
 Access and used 12.3 9.70 (±0.63) 10.02 (±0.64)
aNo access and used 19.4 9.84 (±0.54) 10.17 (±0.54)
Tablet
 No access and no use 52.3 9.86 (±0.57) 0.50 10.18 (±0.58) 0.52
 Access but never used 10.2 9.83 (±0.65) 10.15 (±0.65)
 Access and used 16.3 9.83 (±0.56) 10.17 (±0.56)
aNo access and used 21.2 9.83 (±0.55) 10.15 (±0.56)
Video Games
 No access and no use 60.9 9.87 (±0.55) <0.001 10.19 (±0.56) 0.002
 Access but never used 15.9 9.78 (±0.58) 10.11 (±0.58)
 Access and used 10.3 9.78 (±0.65) 10.12 (±0.65)
aNo access and used 12.9 9.85 (±0.62) 10.19 (±0.60)
Cell Phone
 No access and no use 59.0 9.89 (±0.57) <0.001 10.21 (±0.58) <0.001
 Access but never used 23.1 9.78 (±0.53) 10.11 (±0.53)
 Access and used 11.8 9.73 (±0.57) 10.06 (±0.57)
aNo access and used 6.1 9.87 (±0.69) 10.19 (±0.69)
At least one device
 No access and no use 12.2 9.93 (±0.56) <0.001 10.27 (±0.57) <0.001
 Access but never used 17.8 9.82 (±0.58) 10.15 (±0.60)
 Access and used 56.4 9.80 (±0.57) 10.13 (±0.58)
aNo access and used 13.6 9.96 (±0.53) 10.26 (±0.54)
Reading
 No access and frequent reading 19.9 9.97 (±0.53) <0.001 10.28 (±0.54) <0.001
 Access but frequent reading 52.9 9.83 (±0.58) 10.16 (±0.59)
 Access and rarely reading 21.2 9.74 (±0.56) 10.08 (±0.56)
 No access and rarely reading 6.0 9.89 (±0.60) 10.19 (±0.60)

aResponse category considered illogical: No access to EECD in the bedroom and is used in the bedroom during the hour before sleep

p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant