Table 2.

Primary regression results

Variable	LASSO Coefficient*	OLS Coefficient* (95% CI)	OLS p value
Baseline characteristics
Age	−0.004	−0.008 (−0.003, −0.013)	0.004
Female sex	−0.189	−0.298 (−0.148, −0.448)	<0.001
Hispanic/Latino Ethnicity	−0.058	−0.334 (−0.070, −0.598)	0.013
Resides at home with informal help**	−0.240	−0.576 (−0.240, −0.911)	<0.001
Requires professional help at home OR residence in health care facility**	−0.219	−0.516 (−0.062, −0.969)	0.026
AIDS comorbidity	0.346	0.778 (0.160, 1.396)	0.014
Pulmonary comorbidity	−0.001	−0.144 (−0.382, 0.095)	0.24
Nadir respiratory rate	0.003	0.012 (0, 0.024)	0.06
Lifestyle factors
Current smoker status (at baseline)	−0.179	−0.349 (−0.195, −0.503)	<0.001
Body mass index (at baseline)	−0.011	−0.019 (−0.010, −0.028)	<0.001

^*Because of the Box Cox transformation, we inverted the sign of coefficients to aid in interpretation. Positive coefficients are associated with better outcome.

^**Reference category for this variable is “Resides at home with no help”

LASSO: Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (refers to the penalty used in penalized regression); OLS: ordinary least squares